Lancet Planet Health:中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒起源及变异遗传研究

2019-12-16 MedSci MedSci原创

尽管非洲进口带有骆驼中可检测到中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒,但研究证实病毒在传入沙特阿拉伯后发生了毒性和遗传性的显著变异

中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)是阿拉伯半岛特有的致死性人畜共患病原体。骆驼是一种可能的感染源,而非洲可能是该病毒的发源地,近日研究人员就阿拉伯半岛最大入境口岸骆驼的遗传多样性、地理结构、感染流行率和年龄相关的患病率进行了考察。

在这项前瞻性基因组研究中,研究人员对从苏丹和吉布提进口到沙特阿拉伯吉达港口的骆驼进行了近2年的鼻腔取样,并对当地阿拉伯骆驼进行了2个月的鼻腔取样。研究人员确定了MERS-CoV感染的流行率、年龄相关的感染模式,并进行了系统地理分析和迁移分析,以确定跨国病毒传播情况。

研究人员收集了1196只进口骆驼的样本,其中868只来自苏丹,328只来自吉布提,收集了472只当地骆驼样本,其中189只来自利雅得,283只来自沙特阿拉伯吉达。当地骆驼的病毒感染率高于进口骆驼(224 vs 157只,47.5% vs 13.1%)。在这两组中,1岁以上和2岁以下的骆驼感染流行率最高,阳性病例达到255例(66.9%)。虽然病毒的总体地理分布与系统发育树的拓扑结构相对应,但在与该区域贸易路线相对应的国家之间观察到了一些病毒交换。东非和西非的病毒株似乎在地理上是分开的,西非的病毒株起源于东非。几乎所有阿拉伯本地病毒样本均来自同一菌株,属于2014年在沙特阿拉伯首次检测到的一种新的重组clade(NRC),平均Re为1.16。

尽管非洲进口带有骆驼中可检测到中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒,但研究证实病毒在传入沙特阿拉伯后发生了毒性和遗传性的显著变异。

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    2020-07-25 howi
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    2020-09-22 zhaojie88
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    2020-08-24 canlab
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