AJNR:MTT 延长预测 aSAH 后 DCI

2018-12-31 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

对于动脉瘤蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH),识别迟发性脑缺血(DCI)高风险的患者是非常重要的,这有助于指导内科和血管内管理。管理流程大部分都是基于入院时的临床状态和 SAH 体积。 WFNS量表是常用评价临床状态的方法。高 WFNS 分级(IV-V)与较高的 DCI 和死亡风险有关,入院时较好的分级比如 WFNS 1-III 级往往风险更低。

对于动脉瘤蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH),识别迟发性脑缺血(DCI)高风险的患者是非常重要的,这有助于指导内科和血管管理管理流程大部分都是基于入院时的临床状态和 SAH 体积。 WFNS量表是常用评价临床状态的方法。高 WFNS 分级(IV-V)与较高的 DCI 和死亡风险有关,入院时较好的分级比如 WFNS 1-III 级往往风险更低。

DCI 症状发生前的早期灌注异常有助于识别患者的风险。特别是,延后的 MTT 与较高的风险有关。早期脑灌注的变化可能是更加精确的指标。

示例:A图,WFNS I 级患者,未发生 DCI。0天 MTT = 6.8s;3天 MTT = 6.8s。B 图,WFNS I 级患者,第5天时发生了 DCI。0天 MTT = 7.4s;3天 MTT = 10.2s:
 

2018年11月来自加拿大的A. Murphy等在 AJNR 上公布了他们的研究结果,目的在于探讨aSAH 三天内 MTT 延长是否与较高风险的 DCI 有关。

该研究为多中心、前瞻性队列研究,纳入了87例 aSAH 患者。动脉瘤治疗前和入院3天内治疗后分别进行了 MTT 检测,分别称为MTT1和 MTT2。MTTdiff定义为 MTT2和 MTT1之间的差别。

对于49例较好分级的患者,发生 DCI 患者的 MTT 延长,MTTdiff 显着高于未发生 DCI 的患者(P = 0.03)。在多因素分析中,延长 MTT 与较高的 DCI 和死亡风险有关(OR  3.1; 95% CI, 1.3–7.4; P = 0.014)。对于不良分级的38例患者,发生 DCI 患者的MTTdiff没有明显升高;其MTT1 比较好分级者显着延长。

最终作者认为对于较好临床状态的 aSAH 患者,aSAH 前几天 MTT 延长者处于DCI高风险之中,应该对这些患者密切观察。

原始出处:A. Murphy, T.-Y. Lee, T.R. Marotta, J. Spears, et al. Prospective Multicenter Study of Changes in MTT after Aneurysmal SAH and Relationship to Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Patients with Good- and Poor-Grade Admission Status. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2018 Nov;39(11):2027-2033.

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