哌柏西利联合方案为绝经前HR+晚期乳腺癌患者带来新希望!

2019-06-11 佚名 肿瘤资讯

国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)年会在芝加哥盛大举行。ASCO年会是世界上规模最大、学术水平最高、最具权威的临床肿瘤学会议。本届年会的主题为“Caring for Every Patient, Learning from Every Patient”。本次大会最后一天,以现场口头报告的方式压轴报道了来自韩国的临床二期前瞻性研究KCSG-BR 15-10(Abstract 1007),即哌柏西利联合依西美

临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)年会在芝加哥盛大举行。ASCO年会是世界上规模最大、学术水平最高、最具权威的临床肿瘤学会议。本届年会的主题为“Caring for Every Patient, Learning from Every Patient”。本次大会最后一天,以现场口头报告的方式压轴报道了来自韩国的临床二期前瞻性研究KCSG-BR 15-10(Abstract 1007),即哌柏西利联合依西美坦以及GnRHa对比卡培他滨化疗治疗绝经前HR+/Her2-转移性乳腺癌患者的疗效和安全性。

王晓稼教授,主任医师,博士研究生导师中国科学院大学附属肿瘤医院(浙江省肿瘤医院)院长助理、乳腺肿瘤内科主任中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会常委中国临床肿瘤学会乳腺癌专家委员会常委浙江省抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会候任主任委员浙江省抗癌协会肿瘤内科专业委员会主任委员浙江省转化医学学会精准医学分会会长

Young-PEARL (KCSG-BR 15-10)研究结果点评:哌柏西利联合依西美坦及GnRHa治疗绝经前HR+/Her2- MBC患者,PFS较卡培他滨有明显改善。

今年大会关于乳腺癌的研究内容没有很大的重磅级报告,但还是有几个关于乳腺癌内分泌治疗的研究能够影响临床实践,同时也解答了一些临床问题,今天的Abstract 1007就是这样的报告。关于如何选择激素受体阳性晚期乳腺癌一线治疗方案,我们看到哌柏西利联合来曲唑的一线治疗有非常好的疗效, CDK抑制剂联合内分泌治疗已成为HR+晚期乳腺癌一线治疗的主要选择。以往选择化疗的病人,选择靶向联合内分泌治疗可能同样有效,且副反应可控。既往一线治疗主要是CDK抑制剂加来曲唑,今天的这个报告给我们提供了一个新方案,即绝经前的乳腺癌患者选择哌柏西利联合依西美坦治疗。这个研究来自韩国(亚裔人群),纳入了189例患者,184例患者随机分为哌柏西利联合治疗组(92例)和卡培他滨化疗治疗组(92例)。入组的人群里,有一半患者是诊断为转移后没有接受任何一线治疗,且辅助阶段接受过他莫昔芬治疗,一半是诊断为转移后接受过一线化疗或二线以上治疗的病人,入组的病人情况是临床中非常常见的。在中国晚期乳腺癌女性中绝经前的患者占了很大一部分,也经过了很多的治疗,因此这个研究非常有实践意义和代表性。

从研究数据可以看到整体结果非常好,PFS达到了20.1个月,对照组是14.4个月,延长了5.7个月,提示内分泌联合治疗比卡培他滨单药化疗有更好的PFS。在亚组之间同样可以看到有明显的获益,而且P值都有显着差异,这三个PFS均达到了研究的终点。在副反应方面,入组患者基本上耐受,不同的副反应主要是方案的不同产生的差异,比如哌柏西利组主要是血液学毒性,但是没有例行发热和乏力等情况,卡培他滨组有手足综合征等一些副反应。这两者副反应有各自的特点,总体也是可耐受可控的。

Young-PEARL( KCSG-BR 15-10)研究结果可能为改变临床实践提供循证依据

大家都知道激素受体阳性乳腺癌的一线治疗,以往内分泌治疗优先,但临床实践中由于患者的肿瘤负荷、耐药性的存在等,很多时候临床医生并没有选择内分泌治疗,而选择了化疗。当然这也跟国内可选择的内分泌药物种类比较少有关,至少在2012年之前只有AI和三苯氧胺,近年有了氟维司群等药物以及最近的CDK抑制剂。CDK抑制剂上市以后,我们发现很多以往选择化疗的病人使用CDK抑制剂,且非常有效,一线的PFS超过了两年,二线也接近一年半,PFS在延长,所以我们可以更大胆一点的对晚期一线二线的病人进行内分泌优先的治疗。中国的乳腺癌患者中有很多年轻人,年轻患者是否选择内分泌优先也是很多临床医生一直关注的问题。同时我们也看到其它研究中绝经前患者(像今天报告的MONALEESA-7)从CDK抑制剂中获益的情况。所以这个研究的意义就在于年轻患者使用CDK抑制剂(哌柏西利)加上依西美坦的治疗方案得到非常好的效果,应该说它是目前国内治疗晚期乳腺癌绝经前女性患者临床实践中一个很好的依据。

CDK抑制剂未来还需关注耐药

实际上这样的研究告诉我们内分泌治疗应该是晚期乳腺癌,特别是激素受体阳性患者的主要方案,但我们还应该更多的关注耐药群体。从最早的研究可以看到它的效果应该是不错,但是对于原发耐药或者说后期经过反复治疗的患者的耐药是需要关注的。我们要探索它的耐药的机制,既而通过靶向的手段等来逆转耐药。现在已经看到了很多关于耐药性基因变异的报道,这可能会是未来的一个研究方向。我们可以猜想CDK抑制剂以后可能会有多个基因导致耐药的情况(10%左右几率),这对之后的研究还是有指导作用的。

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