日本盐野义口服新冠病毒治疗药物Ensitrelvir(S-217622),治愈率达100%

2022-03-07 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

总部位于大阪府的日本制药公司——盐野义制药公司研发的治疗新冠病毒的口服药,已经于2月25日,向日本厚生劳动省正式递交了临床治疗认可申请。消息显示,这一款日本国产的新冠口服药&l

总部位于大阪府的日本制药公司——盐野义制药公司研发的治疗新冠病毒的口服药,已经于2月25日,向日本厚生劳动省正式递交了临床治疗认可申请。消息显示,这一款日本国产的新冠口服药“Ensitrelvir(S-217622)”的药效,要超过美国生产的几款口服药,最终治愈率可达100%。

几种口服治疗新冠的药物对比,详细见:全球五大口服治疗新冠病毒感染药物研发进展,未来是抗新冠病毒主要力量

盐野义制药公司创建于1878年,已有140余年的历史,为日本第五大制药企业。从2021年开始研发口服药,已经在日本国内和海外部分国家进行了多次的临床试验,取得了可喜的试验结果。

许多人对盐野义可能不熟悉,但是,说到治疗流感的达菲,以及玛巴洛他韦(一粒药治疗流感),都出自盐野义,只是后来全球的销售权卖给了罗氏而已。这家公司在传染病领域的新药研发,十分厉害。

图片

盐野义制药公司总部

目前,日本国内获得政府批准投入临床治疗的口服药,是美国默克公司与辉瑞公司生产的两款口服药。这两款口服药主要提供给年龄在12岁以上、已出现轻症状、且具有重症化倾向的感染者服用。如果这款药进一步批准,就成为日本第三款口服治疗新冠病毒的药物。

而盐野义制药公司研发的口服药,不管有没有重症化倾向,只要年龄在12岁以上,被确诊为阳性者,不管有没有症状,均可以服用,治疗的范围比美国两家公司生产的口服药还要广。

根据美国默克公司与辉瑞公司发表的临床试验结果,具有重症化倾向的轻症状与中度症状的感染者中,服用了这两家公司研发生产的口服药后,住院率减少了30%,死亡率减少了89%。见:辉瑞新冠病毒口服药物Paxlovid,国内获附条件批准,和默沙东新冠病毒口服药有效率降至30%!

而盐野义制药公司研发的口服药,以428名12岁以上轻症状与中度症状感染者为对象实施的临床试验结果显示,在服用了3天的口服药之后,在第四天,有80%的人已经检测不出新冠病毒。服用5天之后的第6天检测,100%的人身上的新冠病毒已经完全消失。

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盐野义制药公司研发的口服药

S-217622的临床试验主要针对轻症/中症患者。从2a期的数据来看,服用低剂量S-217622的患者在第六天核酸检测结果全部呈阴性(<0.8 Log10 (TCID50/mL)),而服用高剂量S-217622的患者核酸检测结果也比服用安慰剂的对照组有更好表现。

S-217622的2a期临床试验结果(来源:盐野义制药)

2b期试验则进一步扩大了对象和观察范围,已有428名志愿者参与,且主要为奥密克戎毒株感染。盐野义制药宣称,服用S-217622的第四天,阳性患者比例低于10%,与对照组相比,降幅好于2a期。而且,患者因感染产生的鼻塞、流鼻涕、喉咙痛、咳嗽、呼吸困难等症状都得到了显著改善。相关数据将在今年一季度业绩报告中公布。

Histopathological findings in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters that were administered antivirals The hamsters were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant and sacrificed at 4 dpi for histopathological examinations. S-217622 (30 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg), molnupiravir (200 mg/kg), or vehicle control (0 mg/ml) was administered from 0 to 3 dpi (a, b) or 1 to 3 dpi (c-e) twice a day following the schedules shown in Fig. 2b and 3a, respectively. a, Representative histopathological images for the lung sections obtained from the animals given antivirals indicated above each panel (n = 4). Upper and middle panels, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Lower panels, in situ hybridization (ISH) targeting the nucleocapsid gene of SARS-CoV-2. Scale bars in upper panels, 500 μm. Scale bars in middle and lower panels, 100 μm. b, Histopathological severity score of pneumonia based on the percentage of alveolitis area in a given section. Data are shown as the median score ± 95% confidential interval with each dot representing the score of each animal. (n = 4; ns = not significant, *p<0.05 by Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s test.) c-e, Cross-sectional imaging of lungs and 3D image reconstruction of whole lungs from hamsters at 4 dpi. The infected hamsters were treated with vehicle (c), S-217622 (d), or MPV (e). The whole lung tissues were stained with anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody and scanned by light sheet microscopy. Arrowheads indicate foci of SARS-CoV-2-positive alveoli. Scale bars, 2 mm.

感染治疗后组织学变化,效果显著

盐野义制药公司研发的口服药是药丸,5天为一个剂量,不管病状轻重,均可以立即服用,一旦获得日本政府的批准,有望成为感冒药一样的非处方药,成为抵御新冠病毒疫情的最有力武器。

目前,盐野义制药公司已经生产完成了100万份口服药。日本政府将在近日批准这一款口服药投入临床治疗使用。

为了早日投入市场,盐野义制药也对S-217622的生产做了预先安排,预计4月起能实现1000万人份/年的产能

原始文献:

Sasaki, M., Tabata, K., Kishimoto, M., et al. (2022). Oral administration of S-217622, a SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor, decreases the viral load and accelerates recovery from clinical aspects of COVID-19bioRxivdoi:10.1101/2022.02.14.480338https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.14.480338v1.full.  

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    2022-06-11 zhanglin3079
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    2022-03-17 cenghis
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    2022-03-07 医者仁者

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