阜外医院心律与影像团队合作研究发现:核磁共振有助预测心肌病患者猝死风险

2019-12-15 文韬 中国循环杂志

近期,阜外医院心律失常中心姚焰、樊晓寒等联合磁共振影像科赵世华和陆敏杰团队发现,对于非缺血性心肌病患者,如果存在心脏核磁共振显示较高比例延迟强化,患者的猝死风险较高。而且,延迟强化结合其他临床因素做出的评分系统(ESTIMATED评分),能更好预测猝死风险。该研究结果近期发表在加拿大心脏病杂志(Canadian Journal of Cardiology)上。最终的模型包括:心肌延迟强化百分数>1

近期,阜外医院心律失常中心姚焰、樊晓寒等联合磁共振影像科赵世华和陆敏杰团队发现,对于非缺血性心肌病患者,如果存在心脏核磁共振显示较高比例延迟强化,患者的猝死风险较高。

而且,延迟强化结合其他临床因素做出的评分系统(ESTIMATED评分),能更好预测猝死风险。

该研究结果近期发表在加拿大心脏病杂志(Canadian Journal of Cardiology)上。

最终的模型包括:心肌延迟强化百分数>14%、晕厥病史、合并房扑房颤、非持续室速、二度二型及以上房室传导阻滞和年龄>50岁或≤20岁六个指标。

心脏核磁显示延迟强化为2分,其余危险因素均为1分。研究将≤1分作为低危组;2分为中危组,≥3分为高危组。模型的预测效能明显优于LVEF,并在验证组得到了类似的验证结果。

该评分可有效区分心脏性猝死的低中高风险人群,为判断非缺血性心肌病患者是否需要植入式心律转复除颤器(ICD),提供了强有力的依据。

作者指出,目前指南中对于ICD植入指征的推荐主要是基于LVEF,即LVEF低于35%是心衰患者ICD植入的指征的重要判断标准。但是对于非缺血性心肌病心衰的患者,ICD植入后的临床获益仍存在一定疑问,LVEF对于心脏性猝死的预测作用也十分有限。

作者认为,该项研究提出并验证了结合核磁共振的新评分对于非缺血性心肌病患者心脏性猝死的预测作用。该评分可帮助医生有效识别非缺血性心肌病患者中的高猝死风险人群,可有效节约优先的医疗资源,为未来实现心脏性猝死的精准干预提供了重要的依据。

研究为单中心、前瞻性研究,筛查了阜外医院自2010年至2015年接受心脏磁共振检查的非缺血性心肌病患者。研究排除了缺血性心肌病、致心律失常性心肌病、合并恶性肿瘤或准备接受移植等患者,最终共有395例非缺血性心肌病患者入选:其中包括295名符合现阶段指南中符合ICD一级预防患者和100例二级预防患者。

研究将295例一级预防患者分为风险模型建立组(n=180)和模型验证组(n=115)。所有入选患者均随访3年。研究终点为心脏性猝死事件,具体包括:心脏性猝死、心脏性猝死院内外抢救成功、合理的ICD电击治疗。

最终通过Logistics回归筛选3年心脏性猝死相关的独立危险因素,利用模型建立组患者建立风险模型,依据模型提出心脏性猝死风险评分,并通过模型验证组进行评分模型的验证。最终将模型判定的高危人群与二级预防患者进行3年心脏性猝死风险对比以进一步判定猝死预测模型效力判定。

来源:Li XF, Fan XH, Li S, et al. A Novel Risk Stratification Score for Sudden Cardiac Death Prediction in Middle-Aged, Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients: The ESTIMATED Score. Can J Cardiol, In press, Available online 15 November 2019.

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