J Cell Physiol:GRP78/BiP/HSPA5/Dna K通路可能成为多种疾病通用治疗靶点

2015-01-01 王英 生物通

根据美国弗吉尼亚州立联邦大学(VCU)本月在Journal of Cellular Physiology发表的一项临床前研究表明,一个称为GRP78的蛋白质,可能是用于治疗人类疾病的一个通用靶标,包括脑癌,埃博拉病毒、流感病毒、肝炎病毒和超级细菌(例如MRSE和MRSA)感染。 通过将临床测试的OSU-03012 (AR-12)和FDA批准的磷酸二酯酶5抑制剂(Viagra, Cialis)联

根据美国弗吉尼亚州立联邦大学(VCU)本月在Journal of Cellular Physiology发表的一项临床前研究表明,一个称为GRP78的蛋白质,可能是用于治疗人类疾病的一个通用靶标,包括脑癌,埃博拉病毒、流感病毒、肝炎病毒和超级细菌(例如MRSE和MRSA)感染。

通过将临床测试的OSU-03012 (AR-12)和FDA批准的磷酸二酯酶5抑制剂(Viagra, Cialis)联合使用,来靶定GRP78和相关的蛋白质,研究人员阻止了各种主要病毒在受感染细胞内的复制,使耐抗生素细菌易受到常用抗生素的攻击,并且他们发现证据表明,脑癌干细胞被杀死。研究人员在多个脑癌干细胞类型、并使用流感、腮腺炎、麻疹、风疹、RSV、CMV、腺病毒、柯萨奇病毒、基孔肯雅病病毒、埃博拉病毒、肝炎病毒、大肠杆菌、MRSA、MRSE和淋球菌获得了这些数据。

本研究首席研究员、VCU医学院生化和分子生物学系教授Paul Dent博士指出:“从根本上说,我们得出一个结论,即通过攻击GRP78和相关蛋白,我们可以伤害癌细胞、抑制病毒的感染和复制能力、杀死超级耐药性细菌。”

GRP78属于一类称为分子伴侣的蛋白质家族。分子伴侣的作用是,帮助氨基酸链形成蛋白质,然后使这些蛋白质在正确的三维形状保持活性。OSU/Viagra药物组合可攻击GRP78和其他分子伴侣,从而杀死癌细胞。了解该药物组合对癌细胞中GRP78的效果之后,Dent及其研究团队开始靶定感染性疾病(如病毒和细菌)中的GRP78蛋白。

分子伴侣蛋白在癌细胞或病毒感染的细胞中起着重要作用,因为这些细胞比正常/未感染的细胞制造额外的蛋白质。研究小组发现,OSU/Viagra药物组合,可通过降低靶细胞表面的病毒受体表达和阻止受感染细胞中的病毒复制,降低感染性。该药物组合能够降低埃博拉病毒、马尔堡病毒、肝炎病毒A、B和C以及拉沙病毒的病毒受体表达。在癌细胞中,该药物组合也能够降低致癌基因受体的表达。

在细菌中,该药物组合能够降低GRP78蛋白等效物在称为Dna K的细菌中的表达,并且在泛耐抗生素的大肠杆菌、MRSE、MRSA和淋球菌中可诱导细胞的死亡。

Dent说:“这些研究结果,为治疗病毒感染和大多数人认为永远无法治疗的感染,开辟了一条途径,它们表明GRP78是阻止病毒复制和传播的一个‘成药’靶标。在细菌的情况中,我们有一个新的抗生素靶标Dna K,如果我们小心谨慎,只在医院使用OSU,那么我们就能够获得一些可能帮助治疗超级细菌的东西。”

Dent说,他们已经采取下一个步骤,以促进新的发现:“我们知道, OSU/Viagra治疗在小鼠中可以杀死肿瘤细胞,但是不会伤害像肝脏和心脏这样的正常组织。更重要的是,我们刚刚发现,OSU/Viagra组合可降低小鼠大脑中称为‘pumps’的蛋白的水平。Pumps负责使肿瘤细胞对化疗产生耐药性,并能够阻止挽救生命的脑癌化疗药物进入大脑、杀死癌细胞。”

VCU研究人员之前发现,Viagra药物组合在许多方面都是有益的。例如在2010年,VCU Pauley 心脏中心科学主任和VCU医学院心脏病学教授Rakesh Kukreja博士,与Dent合作发现,Viagra可改善乳腺癌治疗药物阿霉素的疗效,同时保护心脏免于化疗引起的伤害。在2013年和2014年,Dent博士在膀胱癌、胰腺癌和小儿脑肿瘤细胞中获得了与Viagra和常规化疗相似的数据。根据Dent研究小组的工作,在2015年春天,VCU梅西癌症中心将开展一项1期临床试验,将结肠癌药物regorafenib与Viagra结合,用于所有实体瘤患者。

原始出处:

Booth L, Roberts JL, Cash DR, Tavallai S, Jean S, Fidanza A, Cruz-Luna T, Siembiba P, Cycon KA, Cornelissen CN, Dent P.GRP78 / BiP / HSPA5 / Dna K is a universal therapeutic target for human disease.J Cell Physiol. 2014 Dec 24. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24919.

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    2015-07-17 维他命
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    2015-04-08 gostraight
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