Infection: 囊性纤维化患者患有严重COVID-19临床病程和危险因素分析

2021-12-11 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

囊性纤维化是一种遗传性外分泌腺疾病,主要影响胃肠道和呼吸系统,通常具有慢性梗阻性肺部病变、胰腺外分泌功能不良和汗液电解质异常升高的特征。

囊性纤维化 (CF) 是一种由 CF 跨膜电导调节器 (CFTR) 基因突变引起的遗传性隐性疾病。CFTR 突变影响 CFTR 离子通道的产生和/或功能,改变许多器官中的氯离子转运,最常见的是胰腺和肺。CF的主要临床特征实际上是脂肪吸收不良以及反复呼吸道感染,这会导致患者出生后肺结构和功能恶化。患有呼吸系统疾病的患者被认为具有发展为严重 COVID-19 的高风险。本研究旨在评估意大利从大流行开始到 2021 年 6 月感染 新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的CF患者的重症 COVID-19 的临床病程和危险因素。

研究人员在意大利 CF 协会内进行了一项前瞻性研究。CF 中心收集了 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 6 月期间病毒学确诊的 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者的基线和随访数据。严重 SARS-CoV-2的比值比 (ORs) 是通过 Logistic 估计的回归模型进行计算的。

 

该研究共纳入 236 名新冠病毒呈阳性的患者,其中死亡6例,住院43例,重症监护室4例。胰腺功能不全与严重 COVID-19 的风险增加有关(OR 4.04,95% CI 1.52;10.8)。调整年龄和胰腺功能不全后,一秒用力呼气量 (FEVp) < 40% (OR 4.54, 95% CI 1.56; 13.2),氧疗 (OR 12.3, 95% CI 2.91–51.7),体重过轻 (OR 2.92) , 95% CI 1.12; 7.57)、器官移植 (OR 7.31, 95% CI 2.59; 20.7)、糖尿病 (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.23; 5.80) 和肝脏疾病 (OR 3.67, 95% CI 1.597)与严重 COVID-19 的风险增加相关。

 

本项研究结果证实,意大利大约 20% 的感染 SARS-CoV-2 的CF患者会发展为严重的 COVID-19病症。器官移植被确定为严重COVID-19的一个主要危险因素,以及胰腺功能不全,呼吸功能的严重损伤,慢性感染与CF的发病风险增加有关。

原始出处:

Carla Colombo. Et al. Clinical course and risk factors for severe COVID-19 among Italian patients with cystic fibrosis: a study within the Italian Cystic Fibrosis Society. Infection.2021.

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