Cancer Cell:治疗转移性乳腺癌旨在解决耐药性

2012-12-12 MedSci Cancer Cell

研究人员在本月11日发表在《癌细胞》杂志上的一项小鼠试验显示,未来人们有望在转移性乳腺癌治疗道路上迈出坚实的一步。研究结果强调,基础癌症生物学对于推进疗效好毒副作用低的治疗取得进展具有重要意义。瑞士弗雷德里克-米歇尔研究所研究员Mohamed Bentires-Alj表示:“我们需要更深入的探究肿瘤细胞的构造并掌握其耐性机制,以便提出正确的联合疗法。此外,我们还需要就肿瘤发生转移的机制进行研究。”

研究人员在本月11日发表在《癌细胞》杂志上的一项小鼠试验显示,未来人们有望在转移性乳腺癌治疗道路上迈出坚实的一步。

研究结果强调,基础癌症生物学对于推进疗效好毒副作用低的治疗取得进展具有重要意义。瑞士弗雷德里克-米歇尔研究所研究员Mohamed Bentires-Alj表示:“我们需要更深入的探究肿瘤细胞的构造并掌握其耐性机制,以便提出正确的联合疗法。此外,我们还需要就肿瘤发生转移的机制进行研究。”大多数癌症相关死亡终究是因癌症转移而导致的。在这项最新的研究中,Bentires-Alj和他的同事们采用了一种可靶向作用于PI3K通道的新型疗法,并对癌细胞组和原发乳腺癌肿瘤进行了评估。

Bentires-Alj介绍称:“PI3K通道常常在一些人体肿瘤中出现变异和激活,其对于肿瘤发展、维持以及产生耐药性起到至关重要的作用。”正因如此,目前一些评估26PI3K抑制剂的临床试验正在紧锣密鼓地进行当中。虽然相关的抑制剂给人们带来希望,但研究也显示了一些不好的信息。一旦三阴乳腺癌肿瘤遇到PI3K抑制剂,癌细胞就开始合成一种可刺激产生另外一种癌症通道(JAK2/STAT5)的化学物质,这一癌症通道同样会诱发肿瘤转移。如果研究人员给受试小鼠进行激进型乳腺癌药物治疗来阻断PI3K和JAK2/STAT5这两种癌症通道的话,其肿瘤生长速度就会明显放缓,扩散速度也稳步下降,最终,小鼠的存活期被延长。如果Bentires-Alj能发现新方法,那么这项小鼠研究的发现就可用于临床试验,特别是对于那些患有激进型三阴乳腺癌的患者,其会受益最大。

Bentires-Alj表示:“现在是个性化医疗的时代,我们希望在临床试验中检测这种联合疗法,也希望筛选一些合适的患者参加试验。”



JAK2/STAT5 Inhibition Circumvents Resistance to PI3K/mTOR Blockade: A Rationale for Cotargeting These Pathways in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Summary
Hyperactive PI3K/mTOR signaling is prevalent in human malignancies and its inhibition has potent antitumor consequences. Unfortunately, single-agent targeted cancer therapy is usually short-lived. We have discovered a JAK2/STAT5-evoked positive feedback loop that dampens the efficacy of PI3K/mTOR inhibition. Mechanistically, PI3K/mTOR inhibition increased IRS1-dependent activation of JAK2/STAT5 and secretion of IL-8 in several cell lines and primary breast tumors. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of JAK2 abrogated this feedback loop and combined PI3K/mTOR and JAK2 inhibition synergistically reduced cancer cell number and tumor growth, decreased tumor seeding and metastasis, and also increased overall survival of the animals. Our results provide a rationale for combined targeting of the PI3K/mTOR and JAK2/STAT5 pathways in triple-negative breast cancer, a particularly aggressive and currently incurable disease.

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    2013-01-09 维他命
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