Nat Commun :新冠期间,建模研究口罩的有效性

2020-08-15 佚名 Nature自然科研

研究了冠状病毒暴发期间,普通大众使用口罩和口罩分发情况的影响。作者模拟了一次性医疗级口罩的供应和有效性不尽相同的的疫情暴发情况,并计算了由此产生的感染和死亡总数。

根据《自然-通讯》发表的一项模型研究Face mask use in the general population and optimal resource allocation during the COVID-19 pandemic,公众使用口罩有助于减少COVID-19的感染和死亡总数。研究发现,即使是保护效果有限的布口罩,如果普遍使用,也有助于减少感染和死亡总数。

美国麻省理工学院-哈佛大学博德研究所的Colin Worby和台湾清华大学张筱涵利用数学模型研究了冠状病毒暴发期间,普通大众使用口罩和口罩分发情况的影响。作者模拟了一次性医疗级口罩的供应和有效性不尽相同的的疫情暴发情况,并计算了由此产生的感染和死亡总数。他们发现,在所有使用的模型中,死亡和感染总数随着口罩供应和有效性的增加而减少。

作者考虑了在普通人群中一次性医用口罩供应有限情况下的四种分发策略:随机分发、优先向老年人分发、向老年人和确诊病例分发以及向确诊病例分发。在他们所有的模型中,都假设医护人员和关键人员拥有足够的防护。作者发现,优先向老年人分发和为已发现的感染病例保留医用口罩的供应,比随机分发能更大程度地减少感染和死亡总数。

在模拟人群普遍使用布口罩(可重复使用)的情景时,作者发现即使医用口罩的供应量只限于10%的人口,普遍使用布口罩情景中总死亡人数的降幅也与有针对性地分发一次性医用级口罩所取得的效果相当。他们发现,布口罩的普遍使用可使死亡人数减少3-5%,而向老年人和有症状的人额外定向分发医用口罩,可使这一效果翻倍。

作者总结表示,使用口罩是限制SARS-CoV-2持续传播的公共卫生措施的一个重要组成部分。不过,还需要开展进一步的研究,才能更好地估算公众在COVID-19大流行期间使用口罩的效果。

原始出处:

Colin J Worby, Hsiao-Han Chang.Face mask use in the general population and optimal resource allocation during the COVID-19 pandemic.Nat Commun. 2020 Aug 13;11(1):4049. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17922-x.

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    2021-04-14 liuli5079
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    2021-04-18 liye789132251
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    2020-08-15 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-08-15 小医远志

    。。。

    0

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