Lancet:婴儿的肠道菌群可预测坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生

2016-03-09 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

肠道细菌可能会诱发或防止早产儿发生坏死性小肠结肠炎,一种严重的疾病导致早产。

肠道细菌可能会诱发或阻止早产儿发生坏死性小肠结肠炎,一种严重的疾病导致早产。在这项观察前瞻性研究中,研究人员的目的是评估患有坏死性小肠结肠炎(病例)和那些没有患病(对照组)的婴儿的肠道中的一种或多种细菌类群是否不同。

在2009年7月7日和2013年9月16日之间,研究人员招募了极低出生体重(1500g和更低)婴儿的第一队列(圣路易斯儿童医院),第二队列在2011年9月12日和2013年5月25日之间进行招募(库萨儿童医院和儿童医院在俄克拉何马大学)。研究人员前瞻性收集和冻存了所有婴儿的粪便样本。病例被定义为婴儿的临床特点与坏死性小肠结肠炎一致,其X光片符合标准的贝尔第2或3阶段的坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)。对照婴儿(每个病例1-4名;不固定的比率)具有相似的胎龄,出生体重和出生日期,在病例被确定之后从群体中选择。使用特定的细菌16S rRNA基因引物,从粪便样本中对其进行扩增,然后进行焦磷酸测序。使用Dirichlet多项式分析和混合模型来解释重复的测量,研究人员确定宿主因素,包括坏死性小肠结肠炎的发展,与肠道细菌种群有关。

研究人员在第一队列中122名婴儿中研究了2492例粪便样本,其中28名患有坏死性小肠结肠炎;94名婴儿用作对照。病例粪便中的微生物群落结构与对照粪便中的微生物群落结构有显著差异。这些差异只在婴儿年龄的第一个月以后出现。在混合模型中,时间与坏死性小肠结肠炎相互作用与γ-变形菌纲呈正相关(p=0.0010),与严格厌氧菌负相关,特别是Negativicutes(P=0.0019)。研究人员在第二队列的44名婴儿中研究了1094例粪便标本。18名婴儿患坏死性小肠结肠炎(病例),对照组发生26例。整合所有队列组合的数据后(166名婴儿,3586例粪便,坏死性小肠结肠炎46例),患坏死性小肠结肠炎的婴儿与对照组相比,γ-变形菌纲的比例增加(P=0.0011),Negativicutes(P=0.0013)和联合梭状芽胞杆菌的比例较低(p=0.0051)。这些联系在第一队列中和所有队列中小于27周妊娠出生的婴儿最强。

在极低出生体重儿中,γ-变形菌(即革兰氏阴性厌氧杆菌)的相对丰度和严格厌氧菌的相对缺乏(特别是Negativicutes)在坏死性小肠结肠炎发生之前就出现。这些数据提供了防止坏死性小肠结肠炎的候选目标,即是那些小于27周妊娠出生的婴儿。

原始出处:

Barbara B Warner,Elena Deych,Yanjiao Zhou,et al.Gut bacteria dysbiosis and necrotising enterocolitis in very low birthweight infants,Lancet,2016.3.8

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    2016-11-23 howi
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    2016-03-11 millore
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