J Hematol Oncol:暨大学者发现新的小分子RNA在急性髓系白血病中的重要调控作用

2020-07-27 佚名 细胞

急性髓系白血病(AML)是血液系统的高发恶性肿瘤,除了急性早幼粒细胞白血病预后较好,其他类型的AML生存期短、死亡率高,严重威胁了人们的健康和生命。

近日,暨南大学附属第一医院临床第一层次领军人才,血液科主任曾辉教授团队在白血病耐药领域取得重要进展,在Journal of Hematology & Oncology(医学1区,IF=11.059)在线发表了题为“Roles of hsa-miR-12462 and SLC9A1 in acute myeloid leukemia”的研究成果。曾辉教授为该论文的唯一通讯作者,展会恩主治医师为主要作者,暨南大学附属第一医院为唯一通讯单位。

急性髓系白血病(AML)是血液系统的高发恶性肿瘤,除了急性早幼粒细胞白血病预后较好,其他类型的AML生存期短、死亡率高,严重威胁了人们的健康和生命。目前以阿糖胞苷联合蒽环类药物化疗是AML的核心治疗方案,虽然造血干细胞移植可以有效根治AML,然而由于化疗后骨髓抑制期感染的增加以及造血干细胞移植后并发症的出现,大多数患者预后仍不乐观。急性髓系白血病治疗周期长,治疗药物昂贵,且毒副反应大,给患者、家庭及社会带来了极大的痛苦和经济负担,所以针对AML患者的异质性,筛选新的靶向治疗药物极其重要。microRNA (miRNA) 是一种小的非编码RNA,其通过抑制靶信使 RNA(mRNAs)在转录后基因调控中发挥重要作用。在急性髓系白血病中存在着 miRNA 的广泛失调,miRNAs 可以充当癌基因或肿瘤抑制物进而影响白血病进程,包括增殖、分化、自我更新、表观遗传调节、体内疾病进展和化疗耐药。

本研究通过对大量临床AML患者骨髓标本进行miRNA 测序分析,筛选出一个未曾报道的miRNA (命名为miR-12462),通过临床分析显示其与AML患者预后相关,并在细胞和动物模型中首次验证其具有抑制增殖、促进凋亡,增强化疗敏感性及降低肿瘤负荷的重要作用。SLC9A1是普遍存在于所有哺乳动物细胞中的 Na+/H+交换器家族最常见的异构体,具有促进肿瘤细胞运动、侵袭、增殖、生长和促进逃避化学治疗性细胞死亡的作用。研究发现SLC9A1为miR-12462的靶基因,miR-12462通过抑制下游靶基因SLC9A1在AML中发挥作用。

该研究首次揭示miR-12462通过靶向SLC9A1在AML耐药中的具体作用机制,为难治/复发AML患者的治疗提供了新的思路.

本项目得到了李扬秋教授的指导和帮助,以及国家自然科学基金面上项目和暨南大学附属第一医院引进人才启动基金的支持,并已申请国家发明专利。

曾辉,暨南大学附属第一医院血液科主任、教授、博士生导师,长期从事于临床一线工作,擅长血液系统恶性肿瘤的诊治及造血干细胞移植,特别是对于难治复发的急性髓系白血病有比较深入的研究。兼任中国病理生理学会实验血液学分会青年委员、中国抗癌协会血液肿瘤学分会青年委员、中国生理学会血液生理学分会秘书、广东省医学会血液学分会委员、广东省抗癌协会淋巴瘤专业委员会委员、广东省精准医学应用学会血液病分会常委等,近年来以第一/通讯作者身份在 Cell Stem Cell等国际知名期刊发表研究型论文10余篇,获得3项国家自然科学基金资助。

专家点评 (陈果 暨南大学教授)

众所周知,肿瘤细胞以葡萄糖为碳源, 即使在有氧的情况下, 也依赖于糖酵解途径提供物质和能量,这就是著名的Warburg效应。有氧糖酵解代谢方式支持了细胞的快速增殖,但也产生了大量的氢离子形式的酸。为了应对酸的产生,肿瘤细胞使用离子运输系统来将糖酵解产生的过量氢离子泵出胞外,从而维持肿瘤碱性的胞内pH环境。其中,SLC9A1基因编码的NHE1蛋白是清除胞内过量氢离子的主要机器。并且,目前已证实SLC9A1在包括胰腺癌和肺癌等肿瘤发生发展过程中发挥了重要作用。但是,对于SLC9A1的内源性调控机制,人们还知之甚少。

曾辉教授课题组的这项研究工作发现hsa-miR-12462是SLC9A1一个重要调控分子,hsa-miR-12462能够直接抑制SLC9A1蛋白表达。并通过病人标本,细胞和生化实验证实hsa-miR-12462是一个新的急性髓系白血病抑制因子。这项研究为理解急性髓系白血病发生发展机制提供了新的科学证据,更重要的是为通过逆转肿瘤胞内pH微环境提供了新的策略与方法。

原始出处:

Yan Jia 1, Wei Liu 1, Hui-En Zhan 2, et al.Roles of hsa-miR-12462 and SLC9A1 in acute myeloid leukemia.J Hematol Oncol. 2020 Jul 23;13(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s13045-020-00935-w.

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    2021-04-14 宋威
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    2020-10-15 minlingfeng
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    2020-07-29 fengyi812
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    2020-07-27 anti-cancer

    谢谢梅斯分享这么多精彩信息

    0

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乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)RNA作为肝内共价闭合环状DNA(cccDNA)转录活性的替代生物标志物,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)RNA可在慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染期间在病毒-宿主相互作用期间进化。慢性HBV感染自然过程中血清HBV RNA水平的分布情况尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估CHB自然过程中HBV RNA的水平以及其区分HBV感染自然史的作用。

Clin Chem:突破!RNA+DNA同时测序,检测癌症组织中的基因融合和碱基突变!

靶向治疗和免疫检查点抑制剂治疗目前已显著改善了肿瘤患者的生存率,而新型疗法的有效运用往往需要依赖于对基因变异的准确检测。当前的研究表明,诸如NTRK(神经营养因子受体酪氨酸激酶)等罕见的融合变异事件能有效地驱动肿瘤发生,并成为多种肿瘤中靶向治疗的靶标。基于DNA检测的大Panel可以覆盖几百个癌基因,是大规模探测突变的强有力工具,但在融合/重排检测方面仍具有一定挑战。靶向二代测序是一种能够综合鉴定

Circ Res:一线之机:胚胎microRNA逆转心脏损伤

直到成年,我们的心脏都无法自发地补充受伤或患病细胞。因此,心脏病或心脏病发作对人来说是灾难性的,这些事件导致大量细胞死亡和功能的永久性下降。Temple大学Lewis Katz医学院(LKSOM)科学家的一项新研究表明,即使在严重心脏病发作之后,也有可能逆转这种损害并恢复心脏功能。

Cell Res:北京基因组所合作揭示 RNA 甲基化调控 R -loop 形成及转录终止

中科院北京基因组研究所杨运桂、任捷与清华大学生科院孙前文团队合作研究,发现 m6A 能稳定 R-loop 的形成,进而调控基因转录的有效终止。这一成果以《m6A promotes R-loop formation to facilitate transcription termination》为题于 10 月 12 日在线发表于《细胞研究》(Cell Research)杂志。