ACTBio:华人团队“破解”多能干细胞安全诱导新方法,加速人源胚胎干细胞向神经元分化

2022-09-13 “生物世界”公众号 “生物世界”公众号

可以在多能干细胞应用过程中进一步避免基因组改造等方式带来的偏差。同时,通过全新物理手段对细胞进行操作,为疾病治疗提供了新思路。

近日,来自英国卡迪夫大学的杨欣团队与武汉睿健医药团队在 Acta Biomaterialia 期刊发表了题为:Acoustically accelerated neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells 的研究论文。

在论文中,研究团队展示了一种利用声表面波(SAW)加速神经细胞分化的开创性方法及原理,并揭示了SAW通过调控细胞外基质(ECM)与质膜、肌动蛋白细胞骨架的变化,最终加速神经元分化的全新方法。

通过这种方式,可以在多能干细胞应用过程中进一步避免基因组改造等方式带来的偏差。同时,通过全新物理手段对细胞进行操作,为疾病治疗提供了新思路。

据悉,该项研究成果源自2019年2月英国卡迪夫大学医学院和武汉睿健医药携手申请的“EPSRC产业战略创新”(EPSRC Industrial Strategy Innovation placements)计划,这一研究计划主要致力于开发新型医学传感器,用于精准识别特异性生物标志物,以期实现多种恶性疾病的早期诊断及新型治疗的开发。此前,该计划已获得英国政府最高科学管理机构——英国研究委员会(British Research Council )的批准及资助。

目前,随着医学、生物技术等学科的发展,再生医学已经成为一种研究多种疾病治愈可能的学科平台,包括因年龄、疾病或创伤而受损的组织和器官,以及先天性缺陷均有望通过再生医学得以“治愈”。另外,再生医学平台还为传统药物开发提供了全新的药物筛选及毒理评价体系,开启了广泛医药开发的全新思路。

此次研究团队所做的工作,也旨在进一步开拓新技术在再生医学上的应用。

据本论文通讯作者、英国卡迪夫大学生物医学工程系杨欣教授和睿健医药联合创始人兼CEO魏君博士介绍,其所在团队以多能干细胞的神经分化作为切入点,通过将柔性印刷电路板 (FPCB) 直接夹在压电基板上来实现产生表面声波 (SAW) 的细胞刺激器(FSCS),并研究其对人源胚胎干细胞(hESCs)向神经元分化的影响。

FPCB使用的是柔性材料,具有良好的机械性能,可以在高温、高压等恶劣工况下使用。由此加工后的细胞刺激器可以长时间放置于培养箱中且保持工作的稳定。

而柔性FPCB与压电材料通过物理方法形成紧密健合后,能有效地生成SAW。所谓的SAW是一种能量集中于表面的超声波,特别适合与表面贴壁细胞发生作用。通过优化控制参数,SAW在干细胞培养基中产生了极高速度的液流,使培养体系中的溶解性物质与细胞之间的物质传递速率极大提高。

值得一提的是,目前,SAW器件通常是通过光刻工艺制造的,比如在铌酸锂(LiNbO3 )等压电基板上加工图案化叉指换能器(IDT)。

而为了在未来再生医学的应用中,尽量减少对制备 SAW 设备的洁净室设施的强烈依赖,此次研究团队还探索了一种全新的技术 ——基于 FPCB SAW 的细胞刺激(FSCS)器件。

研究结果显示,使用FSCS器件可以减少刺激时间并更为适应细胞培养的特殊环境。SAW的能量、频率精准度也更为可控,其波长与细胞大小接近,可以直接对细胞进行操控。

此外,在本次研究过程中,相关研究团队还对SAW的工作参数,进行了完全按照干细胞分化所需的能量“量身定做”,在细胞上形成每秒几千万次的微波振动而激发干细胞的活性。同时,通过优化控制参数,SAW在干细胞培养基中产生了极高速度的液流,使生化因子与细胞之间的物质传递速率极大提高。

其中,装置中 SAW 和培养基之间的相互作用可以通过数值和分析模型来解释,来自 PDMS-LiNbO3-流体接触点的边缘波和平面波的参数由下面的模型确定:θR=sin-1(C1/C2)。

而与无刺激的静态诱导方式相比,经过上述一系列应用声学刺激后,人源胚胎干细胞(hESCs)向神经元分化的速度大大加快。在这一过程中,当SAW与流体相互作用时,SAW漏射进入流体中,产生声压分布,从而引起介质流动和微循环,并对细胞施加外力。

一系列细胞形态及组学分析表明,这种有效机械刺激的潜在机制是蛋白质联级变化导致的生物事件,将首先引发细胞外基质(ECM)与质膜、肌动蛋白细胞骨架的变化,进一步引起后续结构基因及调控基因的表达差异,最终导致神经元分化的加速。

“这一在多能干细胞上的全新探索可以大大加速使用多能干细胞衍生的神经谱系产品的开发,为细胞的分化提供全新的物理平台,有望产生“洁净的”物理诱导方式。”

在论文中,研究团队也同时建议通过使用基于FPCB的SAW细胞刺激(FSCS)设备来加速细胞的分化过程。在后续的计划中,该设备可以方便地应用于在多能干细胞的批量调控中,有望为再生医学以及组织工程提供全新的思路。

“这种高频外部声学刺激完全能被精确的参数所控制,这对于多能干细胞的神经分化过程中,机械转导蛋白的微调而言是独一无二的。而为了进一步开拓新技术在再生医学上的应用,此次研究还创造性地对再生医学的关键材料多能干细胞进行了物理诱导。”魏君表示。

在英国卡迪夫大学生物医学工程系博士生导师杨欣教授看来,通过这种方式,能够在多能干细胞应用过程中进一步避免基因组改造等方式带来的偏差。同时,通过全新物理手段对细胞进行操作,也可以为未来的疾病治疗打开全新窗口。

公开信息显示,此次研究项目的负责人系英国卡迪夫大学医学工程系、博士生导师杨欣教授,其在细胞异质性的超声识别,亚细胞结构精准识别与分离等领域具有广泛的国际声誉。目前,杨欣教授团队已在国内落地了有关声镊技术的创业项目,正在积极推进相关技术在药物研发,精准诊断领域中的诸多应用。

同时,睿健医药也是“EPSRC 产业战略创新”的重要执行机构,归国之前,创始人曾分别承担过由英国国家生物技术研究委员会(BBSCR),医学研究委员会(MRC)资助的多个项目。在睿健医药正式成立后,公司也先后成功开发了化学诱导神经干细胞制备方法及多种特型神经元的化学分化平台。

目前,鉴于各方具有互补优势的研发平台和先进的管线理念,英国剑桥大学和卡迪夫大学也已经和武汉睿健医药科技有限公司达成了深度战略合作关系。

左:英国卡迪夫大学生物医学工程系博士生导师杨欣教授;右:睿健医药联合创始人兼CEO魏君博士

原始出处:

Chao Sun, et al. Acoustically accelerated neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Acta Biomaterialia, Available online 29 July 2022.

 

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    2022-10-14 sunylz
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    2023-01-04 hxj0117
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    2022-11-11 kord1982
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    2022-09-15 ailian1202
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1919500, encodeId=825219195007b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Fri Oct 14 15:49:42 CST 2022, time=2022-10-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1887286, encodeId=8fa5188e286e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=33971e181b8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TBI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17181, encryptionId=33971e181b8, topicName=TBI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ac59108, createdName=hxj0117, createdTime=Wed Jan 04 19:49:42 CST 2023, time=2023-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903459, encodeId=2398190345902, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Fri Nov 11 11:49:42 CST 2022, time=2022-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1315497, encodeId=d2c8131549ee6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6fcc83e0554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胚胎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83705, encryptionId=6fcc83e0554, topicName=胚胎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6393434, createdName=ailian1202, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 07:49:42 CST 2022, time=2022-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1351245, encodeId=4332135124553, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=37b083e182b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胚胎干细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83718, encryptionId=37b083e182b, topicName=胚胎干细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 07:49:42 CST 2022, time=2022-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582062, encodeId=10cc158206246, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=830c35868ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#华人#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=35868, encryptionId=830c35868ec, topicName=华人)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3f7716881423, createdName=ms4468361851264128, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 07:49:42 CST 2022, time=2022-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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