Science:一个“非常规” 实验重写了我们对胃肿瘤的认识

2018-07-29 佚名 生物通

免疫系统是抗癌的重要盟友?近日《Science》杂志一项研究指出,免疫系统引发的异常炎症可能是一种遗传学癌症综合征“黑斑息肉综合征(Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome,PJS)”的致病基础。

免疫系统是抗癌的重要盟友?近日《Science》杂志一项研究指出,免疫系统引发的异常炎症可能是一种遗传学癌症综合征“黑斑息肉综合征(Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome,PJS)”的致病基础。

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这项研究促使科学家重新思考在PJS患者体内形成的胃肿瘤和其他患者的胃肠道癌症,也许基于炎症而不是肿瘤细胞,这可能是打开治疗僵局的最适钥匙。

PJZ是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,全球发病率大概约1/150000。PJS由STK11/LKB1突变或失活引起,该基因是一个肿瘤抑制因子,起调节细胞生长、代谢、存活和活性作用。

这种疾病的最初征兆是嘴、眼和鼻孔周围形成深蓝色或褐色雀斑。患者胃肠道内部衬里还会形成良性息肉,到65岁时,超过90%的PJS患者有机会发展成胰腺癌胃癌卵巢癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌乳腺癌。目前尚无方法治疗PJS,患者需要随时检测肿瘤发展,一旦发现立即进行息肉手术切除,以防肠道阻塞和出血。

PJS相关研究长时间聚焦于胃肠道上皮细胞的STK11基因研究。然而,McGill大学领导的一个研究小组却将注意力转向了完全不同的免疫系统方向。

免疫系统新焦点

来自McGill大学的Julianna Blagih博士,研究免疫细胞的STK11/LKB1功能是她博士论文的一个方面,破坏小鼠T细胞的STK11基因后,小鼠体内就会形成胃肠道肿瘤。

这一发现让Blagih博士和她的导师Russell Jones博士有兴趣继续探索免疫细胞在疾病发展中的作用。

“这是一个很好的教学案例,说明在基础学科中,一些随机发现很可能引发一个全新的思路,对疾病治疗也将产生潜在影响,”文章通讯作者、生理学系和Goodman癌症研究中心副教授Jones博士说。“当我们进一步研究时,我们证实这并不是简单的随机结果,T细胞突变的小鼠胃肠道和息肉炎症与人类PJS患者情况非常相似。”人类PJS患者息肉中也检测到了炎症迹象。

课题组发现阻断遗传易感小鼠特定炎症通路,息肉形成明显减少。

范式转变

Jones博士补充:“我们的工作改变了PJS疾病的研究思路,将重点转移到了了解免疫系统对息肉发育的影响,我们希望这项研究可以为PJS患者和其他胃肠道癌症患者提供新的治疗方法,我们对此感到非常兴奋。”

下一步,他们将继续小鼠模型工作,与其他研究机构共同探讨炎症在患者体内充当什么角色。

原始出处:MC Poffenberger et al. LKB1 Deficiency in T Cells Promotes the Development of Gastrointestinal Polyposis. Science (2018)

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1694152, encodeId=3de516941525b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a6cf8336353' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肿瘤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83363, encryptionId=a6cf8336353, topicName=胃肿瘤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dbcd29575914, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Wed Oct 24 11:08:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335681, encodeId=d19a33568124, content=炎症和PJS有关。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Aug 02 07:01:06 CST 2018, time=2018-08-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335584, encodeId=293d3355842c, content=好资料学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=92191944782, createdName=thlabcde, createdTime=Wed Aug 01 19:10:35 CST 2018, time=2018-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375846, encodeId=4ff513e58467d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Tue Jul 31 02:08:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335193, encodeId=83b133519316, content=学习了,长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Jul 30 22:52:16 CST 2018, time=2018-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335078, encodeId=791d3350e866, content=了解一下谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Mon Jul 30 08:48:28 CST 2018, time=2018-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-02 liumin1987

    炎症和PJS有关。

    0

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    2018-08-01 thlabcde

    好资料学习了!

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1694152, encodeId=3de516941525b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a6cf8336353' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肿瘤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83363, encryptionId=a6cf8336353, topicName=胃肿瘤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dbcd29575914, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Wed Oct 24 11:08:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335681, encodeId=d19a33568124, content=炎症和PJS有关。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Aug 02 07:01:06 CST 2018, time=2018-08-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335584, encodeId=293d3355842c, content=好资料学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=92191944782, createdName=thlabcde, createdTime=Wed Aug 01 19:10:35 CST 2018, time=2018-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375846, encodeId=4ff513e58467d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Tue Jul 31 02:08:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335193, encodeId=83b133519316, content=学习了,长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220115/46bcf39c32de4aa6b45c5f9d66c8ee77/6cb4a20c55bb4b7691122f47747bfca2.jpg, createdBy=9dad1662329, createdName=1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Jul 30 22:52:16 CST 2018, time=2018-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=335078, encodeId=791d3350e866, content=了解一下谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Mon Jul 30 08:48:28 CST 2018, time=2018-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-31 jichang
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    2018-07-30 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了,长知识

    0

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    2018-07-30 kafei

    了解一下谢谢

    0

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