Nat Commun:针对普通感冒冠状病毒的抗体或可预防 COVID-19感染

2021-08-16 生物探索 生物探索

尽管普通感冒冠状病毒预先存在免疫力的交叉保护还需要进一步证实,但这可能有助于解释人群中轻、中、重度患者对COVID-19疾病易感性的巨大差异。

最近,全球遭受了新一轮新冠病毒的肆虐。Delta 变异毒株在全世界“横行霸道”,即使是在国内疫情受控的情况下,也出现了多地散发的状况,疫苗的迭代升级以及特效药的研制开发迫在眉睫。

近日,巴塞罗那全球卫生研究所在 Nature Communications 上发表了题为“Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses”的研究报告,该项研究指出,针对 SARS-CoV-2 Spike 蛋白的 IgG 抗体水平在患者感染七个月后仍能保持稳定,甚至会继续增加,同时,因普通感冒冠状病毒 (HCoV) 而预先存在的抗体或许可以预防 COVID-19感染。这一研究将会为疫苗开发、高免疫血清输血疗法供体的选择提供借鉴与指导意义。

此项研究对一组医护人员进行了为期7个月的随访,参与者共578名,包括有症状感染者与无症状感染者,他们在感染新冠病毒前,由于经历过普通流感,体内已经产生了针对普通流感冠状病毒的抗体,这些样本是在 2020 年3月至10月之间的四个不同时间点进行采集的。研究人员用Luminex检测仪对针对6种 SARS-CoV-2 抗原和4种 HCoV(229E、NL63、OC43、HKU1)抗原的 IgM、IgA 和 IgG 水平进行定量分许,并用流式细胞术评估其抗体中和能力。

首先,研究人员在76名有症状感染者的235份样本中,绘制了SARS-CoV-2抗原特异性同种型(IgM、IgA、IgG)水平与时间的关系图。结果显示,IgA 或 IgM 在新冠症状出现的第一个月内达到峰值,而 IgG 则是在第50天左右达到峰值。SARS-CoV-2 IgG 抗体对于S抗原(S、S1、S2和RBD)的水平在症状发作230天内基本一直处于稳定的状态,其下降速度明显慢于 IgM 和N相关抗原的 IgG。

而从大部分参与者症状出现的约150天开始,研究人员观察到了抗体水平的增加。同时,在随访进行到第六个月时,也就是新冠感染者康复的一段时间后,他们体内抗体增加指数较高,这一趋势主要体现在 IgG 上,这表明,在患者感染新冠病毒后的一段时间内,其体内抗体不仅能够保持稳定,更能不断增加。此外,研究人员还发现,与症状持续时间超过 10 天的参与者相比,症状持续时间较短(<10 天)的参与者抗体增加指数更高。

COVID-19 感染症状出现后的 SARS-CoV-2 抗体发展趋势

接着,研究人员对参与者体内对 SARS-CoV-2 抗原与普通流感冠状病毒 HCoV N蛋白抗原的抗体水平进行了比对。结果显示,被新冠病毒感染前的血浆样本对 SARS-CoV-2 抗原有一定的抗体反应性,特别是对其N蛋白,同时,对SARS-CoV-2 N蛋白的抗体水平与HCoV N蛋白的抗体水平呈正相关,这一发现表明两者之间存在交叉反应。

此外,研究显示,全长SARS-CoV-2 N蛋白和季节性HCoV的氨基酸配对相似性和同源性分别为:229E的36%和26.4%,NL63的39.1%和27%,OC43的48.1%和35.7%,HKU136的47%和35.2%。因此,研究人员分析了在研究期间出现血清转化为阳性的33名参与者在新冠感染前后 HCoV N抗原的抗体水平。结果显示,一些参与者表现出稳定的HCoV N抗体水平,但总体来说呈现上升趋势。

抗HCoV抗体水平对SARS-CoV-2抗体应答的影响

由此,研究人员调查了具有较高基线的抗 HCoV N抗体水平是否可以预防SARS-CoV-2感染。他们观察到,无症状的SARS-CoV-2 感染者的抗 HCoV N IgA 和 IgG 水平均高于有症状的SARS-CoV-2感染者。与有症状感染者相比,无症状患者感染SARS-CoV-2后,抗 NL63 的 IgG 水平始终增加了一倍,这表明抗 HCoV 抗体水平的反向提升可以提供针对COVID-19相关疾病的保护性免疫。与这一发现一致,无症状感染者对所有四种HCoV的 IgG 水平显着高于 SARS-CoV-2 感染后第一次就诊的有症状感染者,相反,有症状感染者的抗SARS-CoV-2N抗体水平较高。这些发现均表明,预先存在的交叉反应性 HCoVs 抗体可能会对 SARS-CoV-2 感染和 COVID-19 相关疾病具有保护作用。

总的来说,关于针对人类普通流感冠状病毒 (HCoV) 的抗体,该项研究结果表明它们可以提供针对 COVID-19 感染的交叉保护。但是,研究也存在一定局限性,此次的受试者中,新冠感染重症患者数量较少,无法提供更加详细的样本数据,这需要有更多的研究来证实抗 HCoV 抗体与 SARS-CoV-2 感染后免疫反应保护之间的因果关系。而该项研究的作者 Carlota Doba?o 也表示:“尽管对普通流感冠状病毒的预先存在免疫力的交叉保护仍有待进一步证实,但这可能有助于解释人群中轻、中、重度患者对COVID-19疾病易感性的巨大差异。”

原始出处:

Ortega, N., Ribes, M., Vidal, M. et al. Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses. Nat Commun 12, 4740 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24979-9.

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    2022-07-28 liye789132251
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    2022-07-23 liuli5079
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    2021-09-08 病毒猎手

    #感冒##新冠病毒#有关,疫苗可能通用

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885361, encodeId=4108188536179, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Jul 28 09:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1924940, encodeId=0d9319249401e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51d359969ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#普通感冒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=59969, encryptionId=51d359969ac, topicName=普通感冒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=754b42, createdName=Luyuxie_9, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 07:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2088086, encodeId=fff22088086d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Sat Jul 23 08:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1015860, encodeId=84bc1015860ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06d8532588f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#感冒#</a>与<a href='/topic/show?id=65b05806579' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠病毒#</a>有关,疫苗可能通用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53258, encryptionId=06d8532588f, topicName=感冒), TopicDto(id=58065, encryptionId=65b05806579, topicName=新冠病毒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Wed Sep 08 22:54:24 CST 2021, time=2021-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008756, encodeId=0b701008e567b, content=感谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210808/3e923318196746d380f82bc313c3a39f/28b441a48caf40b884c0724b1057ea89.jpg, createdBy=3c305399751, createdName=活捉皮卡丘, createdTime=Tue Aug 17 16:50:06 CST 2021, time=2021-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008300, encodeId=9d30100830078, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/hsjVBxTuIe1huIlQHzrZpzUDcW1dNk08TzrMPQPRupURYjwuehFLxOVw6KGIibaUZTqzrppibZyD0dACCFrH7iatQ/132, createdBy=4e7f5316780, createdName=神经阻滞小麻花, createdTime=Mon Aug 16 13:04:42 CST 2021, time=2021-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008285, encodeId=184f10082854f, content=感谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJibu7hwJqpmHiaJgLLmJmcwp0WDTxWI3vqPBO1Mloq21VBOPqziapyibYatvd2QWHWicolL1vbVZHgpRQ/132, createdBy=d16a2107341, createdName=JZ Yang, createdTime=Mon Aug 16 11:32:51 CST 2021, time=2021-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-17 活捉皮卡丘

    感谢

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885361, encodeId=4108188536179, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Jul 28 09:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1924940, encodeId=0d9319249401e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51d359969ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#普通感冒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=59969, encryptionId=51d359969ac, topicName=普通感冒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=754b42, createdName=Luyuxie_9, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 07:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2088086, encodeId=fff22088086d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Sat Jul 23 08:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1015860, encodeId=84bc1015860ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06d8532588f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#感冒#</a>与<a href='/topic/show?id=65b05806579' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠病毒#</a>有关,疫苗可能通用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53258, encryptionId=06d8532588f, topicName=感冒), TopicDto(id=58065, encryptionId=65b05806579, topicName=新冠病毒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Wed Sep 08 22:54:24 CST 2021, time=2021-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008756, encodeId=0b701008e567b, content=感谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210808/3e923318196746d380f82bc313c3a39f/28b441a48caf40b884c0724b1057ea89.jpg, createdBy=3c305399751, createdName=活捉皮卡丘, createdTime=Tue Aug 17 16:50:06 CST 2021, time=2021-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008300, encodeId=9d30100830078, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/hsjVBxTuIe1huIlQHzrZpzUDcW1dNk08TzrMPQPRupURYjwuehFLxOVw6KGIibaUZTqzrppibZyD0dACCFrH7iatQ/132, createdBy=4e7f5316780, createdName=神经阻滞小麻花, createdTime=Mon Aug 16 13:04:42 CST 2021, time=2021-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008285, encodeId=184f10082854f, content=感谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJibu7hwJqpmHiaJgLLmJmcwp0WDTxWI3vqPBO1Mloq21VBOPqziapyibYatvd2QWHWicolL1vbVZHgpRQ/132, createdBy=d16a2107341, createdName=JZ Yang, createdTime=Mon Aug 16 11:32:51 CST 2021, time=2021-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-16 神经阻滞小麻花

    学习

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885361, encodeId=4108188536179, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Jul 28 09:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1924940, encodeId=0d9319249401e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51d359969ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#普通感冒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=59969, encryptionId=51d359969ac, topicName=普通感冒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=754b42, createdName=Luyuxie_9, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 07:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2088086, encodeId=fff22088086d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Sat Jul 23 08:39:48 CST 2022, time=2022-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1015860, encodeId=84bc1015860ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06d8532588f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#感冒#</a>与<a href='/topic/show?id=65b05806579' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠病毒#</a>有关,疫苗可能通用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53258, encryptionId=06d8532588f, topicName=感冒), TopicDto(id=58065, encryptionId=65b05806579, topicName=新冠病毒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Wed Sep 08 22:54:24 CST 2021, time=2021-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008756, encodeId=0b701008e567b, content=感谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210808/3e923318196746d380f82bc313c3a39f/28b441a48caf40b884c0724b1057ea89.jpg, createdBy=3c305399751, createdName=活捉皮卡丘, createdTime=Tue Aug 17 16:50:06 CST 2021, time=2021-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008300, encodeId=9d30100830078, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/hsjVBxTuIe1huIlQHzrZpzUDcW1dNk08TzrMPQPRupURYjwuehFLxOVw6KGIibaUZTqzrppibZyD0dACCFrH7iatQ/132, createdBy=4e7f5316780, createdName=神经阻滞小麻花, createdTime=Mon Aug 16 13:04:42 CST 2021, time=2021-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1008285, encodeId=184f10082854f, content=感谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJibu7hwJqpmHiaJgLLmJmcwp0WDTxWI3vqPBO1Mloq21VBOPqziapyibYatvd2QWHWicolL1vbVZHgpRQ/132, createdBy=d16a2107341, createdName=JZ Yang, createdTime=Mon Aug 16 11:32:51 CST 2021, time=2021-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-16 JZ Yang

    感谢

    0

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