BMC Public Health:较少暴露于 UVB 光可能会增加结直肠癌发生的风险

2021-07-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

不充分暴露于来自太阳的 UVB 光可能与结直肠癌风险增加有关,尤其是在老年人群中。

结直肠癌 CRC是发病率最高的消化道恶性肿瘤,世界卫生组织(WHO)国际癌症研究署(IARC)发布的2020年全球最新癌症负担数据显示,2020年全球新增结直肠癌患者高达193万例,仅次于乳腺癌和肺癌。而在我国,结直肠癌发病率高居第二,仅次于肺癌。

与患 CRC 风险增加相关的一些风险因素包括肥胖、久坐不动的生活方式、食用高脂肪、高肉类饮食以及富含卡路里和缺乏纤维的食物。除了这些已知的风险因素外,通过血清 25-羟基维生素 D (25(OH)D) 浓度评估的维生素 D 状态不足也被确定为 CRC 发病机制中的潜在风险因素。维生素 D 已被确定为发展 CRC 风险的潜在保护因素。研究表明,每天摄入 1000 IU 的维生素 D 可使风险降低 50%

近期一项发表在开放获取期刊BMC Public Health上的一项研究表明不充分暴露于来自太阳的 UVB 光可能与结直肠癌风险增加有关,尤其是在老年人群中。

在这项研究中美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校的研究人员调查了 2017 年全球 UVB 光水平与 2018 年不同国家和年龄组结直肠癌发病率之间的可能关联。研究员使用了美国宇航局 EOS Aura 航天器于 2017 年 4 月获得的 UVB 估计值以及来自全球癌症 (GLOBOCAN) 数据库的 2018 年 186 个国家的结直肠癌发病率数据。 UVB 较低的国家包括挪威、丹麦和加拿大,而 UVB 较高的国家包括阿拉伯联合酋长国、苏丹、尼日利亚和印度。本研究旨在评估随着年龄的增长,UVB 暴露与 CRC 发病率之间的反比关系的强度。

作者发现,在生活在研究中的 186 个国家/地区的人群中,从 0 岁到 75 岁以上的所有年龄组中,较低的 UVB 暴露与较高的结直肠癌发病率显着相关。在考虑其他因素(如皮肤色素沉着、预期寿命和吸烟)后,45 岁以上的人群中,较低的 UVB 与结直肠癌风险之间的关联仍然显著。

2018年按UVB估计的60至74岁的CRC粗发病率估计值

调整后的 UVB 估计值与 CRC 粗发病率之间的每个年龄组的多项式回归模型显示,与年轻年龄组相比,老年组具有更强的负相关。对于每个年龄组,多项式模型的总体p值在统计上是显着的。此外,多项式模型的整体 R 2随年龄增长而增加,最高的 R 2 (0.62) 出现在 64-75 岁之间。

使用多项式回归法的UVB估计值与CRC粗发病率的关系

 在多元线性回归模型中,在控制协变量后,UVB 与 45 岁以上所有年龄组的结直肠癌粗发病率呈负相关(p值 < 0.05)。最高调整模型 R 2 (0.71) 是针对 64-75 岁(附录表 11)和 75 岁以上获得的。

控制协变量后,75岁以上,UVB与CRC粗发病率的关系

作者认为,较低的 UVB 暴露可能会降低维生素 D 的水平。维生素 D 缺乏症以前与结直肠癌风险增加有关。未来的研究可以直接着眼于纠正维生素 D 缺乏对结直肠癌的潜在益处,尤其是在老年人群中。

综上所述在这项针对特定国家的分析中,研究结果发现随着年龄的增长,调整后的 UVB 估计值与结直肠癌粗发病率之间的负相关强度呈增加趋势。

 

参考文献: Vidya Lakshmi Purushothaman et al, Could age increase the strength of inverse association between ultraviolet B exposure and colorectal cancer?, BMC Public Health (2021). DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11089-w

 

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    2022-01-14 shizhenshan
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    2021-07-05 ms4000000537302169

    学习啦

    0

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    2021-07-05 ms9000001784722912

    👍

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