Eur Heart J:半数中风与心血管病有关,中风诊治需要心脏科医生!欧洲心脏杂志述评

2020-07-24 文韬 中国循环杂志

近期,欧洲心脏杂志刊登述评称,心脏科医生要更好地了解中风。中风不仅是全球第二大死亡原因,也是导致成人残疾的主要原因。在中国,中风是居民死亡的第一大病因。

近期,欧洲心脏杂志刊登述评称,心脏科医生要更好地了解中风。中风不仅是全球第二大死亡原因,也是导致成人残疾的主要原因。在中国,中风是居民死亡的第一大病因。


述评指出,约一半的缺血性中风可能是由血管病直接引起,大多数其他中风患者都存在一定数量的心血管危险因素。


实际上,中风通常可能是心血管病的首发事件。因此,中风患者需要心脏科医生的诊治。


心脏科医生也应了解中风的病理生理和临床,并且需要在中风诊疗的所有阶段,包括从预防诊断和治疗,以及长期治疗运用心脏专业知识,去帮助患者。


隐匿性卒中国际工作组指出,原因不明的栓塞性卒中(ESUS)占全部缺血性脑卒中的25%。


目前,较有说服力的循证医学证据显示,多数隐匿性脑卒中属于血栓栓塞事件。这些血栓有可能来源于心脏、反常栓塞以及主动脉弓、颈动脉或脑动脉等部位的非闭塞的动脉粥样斑块。


比如,卵圆孔未闭预防性封堵术中国专家共识指出,对于<55 岁、缺乏易患因素,突然出现的脑卒中应怀疑卵圆孔未闭为其病因,并建议封堵。


中风后房颤筛查白皮书则建议,对于原因不明的栓塞性脑卒中(ESUS)患者,也需要寻找有无心房颤动的证据。


基于以上认识,该工作组建议,应该把原因不明的栓塞性脑卒中定为具体治疗目标,并将其定义为无近端动脉狭窄或心原性来源的非腔隙性脑梗死,且有可能需要抗凝治疗。


但目前认为,对于原因不明的栓塞性脑卒中患者,口服抗凝药物是否有益,尚未得到证实。但高龄、明显心房增大的原因不明的栓塞性脑卒中患者口服抗凝药物比阿司匹林获益更大。


原因不明的栓塞性脑卒中患者,不是启动新型口服抗凝药物的指征,但可考虑延长心电图监测。


在普通心电图、Holter 等常规检测手段未能检查房颤的原因不明脑卒中患者中,新一代插入式心电监测器对房颤的检出率为21.7%。


中风后房颤筛查白皮书还建议,缺血性中风或短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者应该至少连续72小时内心电图监测。


心房扩大、过度的室上性搏动以及利钠肽升高提示心房心肌病,这些患者应强化或者延长心电图监测。


原始出处:
Wolfram Doehner.Stroke patients need cardiologists.Eur Heart J. 2020 Jul 14;41(27):2514-2516. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa395.

 

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    2020-07-26 zhaojie88
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    2020-07-26 slcumt
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    2020-07-24 guging

    中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧

    0

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