BMJ研究新闻:Meta分析发现纳美芬并不能有效地治疗酒精成瘾

2015-12-29 MedSci MedSci原创

据发表于PLoS Medicine的一项新的荟萃分析显示,当前的随机对照试验证据并不支持使用阿片受体拮抗剂纳美芬来治疗酒精成瘾,该荟萃分析中作者对一些监管部门批准纳美芬用于治疗酒精成瘾表示质疑。

据发表于PLoS Medicine的一项新的荟萃分析显示,当前的随机对照试验证据并不支持使用阿片受体拮抗剂纳美芬来治疗酒精成瘾,该荟萃分析中作者对一些监管部门批准纳美芬用于治疗酒精成瘾表示质疑。

该荟萃分析回顾分析了所有可用的评估纳美芬治疗成人酒精成瘾的随机对照试验。最终研究人员共纳入五项符合纳入标准的试验,包括2567名对酒精成瘾的成人。

分析结果表明,随机分配至安慰剂组和纳美芬治疗组的研究对象的死亡率(6个月或1年)并没有区别。

研究人员还发现,两组研究对象的生活质量也并无差异,无论是SF-36生理健康部分得分还是心理部分总得分。

研究发现,纳美芬治疗组患者一个月内重度饮酒的天数稍少于安慰剂治疗组(少1.65天/月),而且纳美芬治疗组患者总的酒精消费量也略低于安慰剂治疗组。

但是,研究人员认为此研究结果可能存在偏倚,因为纳美芬治疗组患者存在较高的退出率,由于安全原因,三个月内纳美芬治疗组患者的退出率为安慰剂治疗组的三倍。敏感性分析表明,两组患者的饮酒量并没有差异。

“该荟萃分析对一些监管和咨询机构在这些研究基础上仍批准了纳美芬用于治疗酒精成瘾的决定表示了质疑,”研究人员写道。

2012年,欧洲药品管理局批准纳美芬用于治疗酒精成瘾以帮助每天摄入超过60 g酒精的男性和每天摄入超过 40 g酒精的女性减少酒精的消费。此外,英国国家卫生和护理研究所建议,纳美芬可作为每天摄入超过7.5个单位酒精的成瘾男性和每天摄入超过5个单位酒精的成瘾女性的一种可能的治疗措施。

总而言之,作者认为,“纳美芬治疗酒精成瘾的效果并不成立,充其量来说,纳美芬可略减少酒精成瘾者酒精的消费量。”

原始出处:

Susan Mayor. Meta-analysis finds no evidence for efficacy of nalmefene in treating alcohol dependence. BMJ 2015; 351 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h6988.

Palpacuer C, Laviolle B, Boussageon R, et al. Risks and benefits of nalmefene in the treatment of adult alcohol dependence: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished double-blind randomized controlled trials. PLoS Med22 Dec 2015, doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001924.


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    2016-08-28 一叶知秋
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    2016-11-04 一闲
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    2016-03-06 guojianrong