Radiology:请正视头颈部MDCT的滥用!

2021-05-04 shaosai MedSci原创

多层螺旋CT(MDCT)适用范围广、扫描速度快、结构显示清晰,已被临床广泛用于诊断钝性创伤(BT)患者的全身相关损伤,以头颈部(HN)的损伤最为显著。

多层螺旋CT(MDCT)适用范围广、扫描速度、结构显示清晰,已被临床广泛用于诊断钝性创伤(BT)患者的全身相关损伤,以头颈(HN)损伤最为显著。BT患者头部颈椎(CS)和脑血管系统的MDCT扫描在决定患者是否住院或出院是否需要药物治疗外科手术方面起着至关重要的作用。现在,医学辐射占公众总电离辐射暴露的50%,而CT是医学电离辐射的最大来源。但是现阶段,MDCT被过度使用。

近日,发表在Radiology杂志的一项研究探讨实施临床分诊算法头颈(HN)MDCT在连续钝性创伤(BT)患者中的影响及效果,为减少患者不必要的辐射和费用改善工作流程提供了新的参考意见。

研究回顾性纳入了2007年10月28日至2013年12月31日期间收治的15岁以上的BT患者。将患者分为算法前和算法后两组。我们回顾了机构创伤登记册图片存档和通讯系统报告,以确定入院时哪些患者接受了头部MDCT颈椎MDCT和HN的MDCT血管造影,以及这些检查的结果。 创伤严重程度评分急性生理和慢性健康评估II评分(仅针对重症监护病房的患者)住院时间(LOS)重症监护病房的住院时间(ICULOS)和死亡率均来自创伤登记处。

本研究共纳入8999例患者平均年龄45岁,范围为15-101岁,其中包括6027名男性。与算法组相比,算法后组头部(55.8%[4969例患者中2774例];95%可信区间:54.4,57.2 vs 64.2%[4030例患者中2589例];95% CI: 62.8, 65.7, P < .001)及颈椎MDCT(49.4%[4969例患者中的2452例];95%置信区间:48.0,50.7 vs 60.5%[4030例患者中的2438例];95% CI: 59.0, 62.0; P < .001)患者比例更低,而行MDCT血管造影的患者比例两组无统计学差异(9.7%[4969例患者中的480例];95%可信区间:8.9,10.5 vs 9.8%[4030例患者中的393例];95%可信区间:8.9,10.7;P > .99)。算法前组与算法后组在LOS(平均4.8天±7.1 vs 4.5天±7.1;P = .42)、ICULOS(平均4.6天±6.6 vs 4.8天±6.7;P >.99)和死亡率(2.9%[4030例患者中有118例];95%可信区间:2.5,3.5;vs 2.8%[4969例患者中141例];95% CI: 2.4, 3.3;P > .99)上无统计学差异

 

图1 该图显示了在实施临床分诊算法之前和之后行头颈部MDCT患者的百分比。条形表示95%CI。条形上方的数字表示组中的患者数和总患者数。 * P,.001。 ns =无统计学差异。 

 

图2 该图显示了实施临床分诊算法后,头颈部MDCT扫描的阳性结果百分比。条形表示95%CI。条形上方的数字表示组中的患者数和总患者数。 * P,.001。 ns =无统计学差异。 

本研究表明,在钝性创伤患者中实施临床分诊算法可以在不增加误诊及漏诊的情况下避免对头部和颈椎进行不必要的MDCT检查,这为患者避免不必要的辐射和费用提供了可能,并为临床工作流程的改善提供了新的参考意见。

原文出处:

Chad W Farris,Arthur Baghdanian,Courtney Takahashi,et al.Implementation of Institutional Triaging Algorithms Decreases Head and Neck MDCT Use in Blunt Trauma.DOI:10.1148/radiol.2021201878

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    2022-02-15 zchen
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    2021-05-06 wshxjq
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