Eur J Cancer: 循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)鉴别EGFR突变的NSCLC从EGFR-TKI连续治疗中获益的人群

2021-05-16 yd2015 MedSci原创

治疗前的ctDNA水平有助于鉴别低危EGFR+NSCLC患者,从而在EGFR-TKI的连续治疗中获益。

奥希替尼是第三代EGFR-TKI抑制剂。FLAURA临床试验证实EGFR+NSCLC一线奥希替尼较第一代TKI抑制剂改善患者的PFS和OS。因此,奥希替尼被批准作为表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)阳性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)标准一线治疗。然而,目前尚不清楚的是,一线先用奥希替尼是否优于第一代或第二代酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)耐药后,续贯用奥希替尼。由于我们不可能预测哪些病人是具有进展的高风险人群,这就限制了续贯TKI的治疗。循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)正逐渐被用作监测治疗反应的一种无创手段。

因此,来自西班牙肺癌组(SLCG)进行了一项回顾性、多中心、观察性研究,使用数字聚合酶链反应(dPCR)检测ctDNA,评估ctDNA在EGFR+NSCLC患者使用EGFR-TKI治疗的预后价值。纳入标准:大于等于18岁男性或女性,EGFR突变的IV期NSCLC(EGFR+NSCLC),一线使用TKI抑制剂治疗,TKI的类型由研究者选择,预期生存大于12周。排除20外显子插入或多种驱动基因突变患者。

来自25个研究中心的共228例患者纳入研究,共830份血液标本进行分析。92.1%为腺癌,52.6%为IVB期。共189例(82.9%)接受一线治疗:阿法替尼、吉非替尼或埃罗替尼。其中60例(31.7%)接受奥希替尼作为二线治疗。39例(17.1%)一线使用奥希替尼。

中位随访时间为28.0 个月 (95% CI:26.6-30.3)。研究期间,99例患者死亡,165例患者一线TKI治疗后进展。129例患者一线第一或第二代TKI治疗进展后,二线治疗非奥希替尼的中位OS为22.8个月(95% CI: 16.1-NR);60例患者一线吉非替尼、厄洛替尼或阿法替尼治疗进展,二线使用奥希替尼的中位OS为32个月(95% CI: 23.9-NR);39例患者一线使用奥希替尼治疗的中位OS未达到(95% CI: 17.0-NR),具有统计学差异(p=0.028)。

189例患者一线使用第一或第二代TKIs治疗,低危患者定义为治疗前突变等位基因频率(MAF)<7%。低危患者较高危患者具有较好的PFS(HR=0.51; 95%CI: 0.34-0.78)和OS(HR= 0.38; 95% CI: 0.23-0.64)。3个月治疗后ctDNA阴性时,患者也具有较好的PFS(HR= 0.45;95 CI: 0.26-0.78) 和 OS (HR =0.35; 95% CI: 0.19-0.65). 同样, 6个月治疗后ctDNA阴性时,患者也具有较好的PFS(HR =0.42; 95% CI: 0.27-0.65) 和OS(HR= 0.29; 95% CI: 0.15-0.56)。

                    低危患者和应答患者的PFS和OS

            低危患者的PFS和OS

高应答患者定义为诊断时MAF <7%并且治疗后3个月或6个月时ctDNA阴性。高应答患者同样获得较好的PFS (HR=0.30; 95% CI:0.19-0.49和OS(HR Z 0.22; 95% CI: 0.12-0.42)。高应答患者的中位PFS为15个月(95% CI: 11.9-17.8)和OS为未达到(95% CI: 32.6-未达到)。

            低危和高应答患者不同TKI治疗顺序的OS

但是,低危患者应用TKI的顺序并没有明显差异的OS。同样在高应答患者中也没有OS的差异。

             低危患者不同TKI治疗顺序的OS

综上,治疗前的ctDNA水平有助于鉴别低危患者,从而在EGFR-TKI的连续治疗中获益。

原始出处:

Mariano Provencio, Roberto Serna-Blasco, Fabio Franco, et al. Analysis of circulating tumour DNA to identify patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-positive non-small cell lung cancer who might benefit from sequential tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Eur J Cancer. 2021 May;149:61-72.  doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.02.031.

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    2021-06-18 柠檬宝贝

    这里强调的低危和高应答,一不小心就搞错了

    0

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    2021-05-18 lsj628
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    2021-05-18 liuyiping
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    2021-05-16 肿肿

    NSCLC下一步突破在于新靶点了,靶向治疗和免疫治疗基本见顶了,再有新的就需要新机制了

    0

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