Neurology: 骨质密度和小血管疾病密切相关

2021-01-22 Freemann MedSci原创

骨质密度和小血管疾病密切相关

 

脑小血管疾病(SVD)与痴呆、脑卒中和血管性死亡有关。虽然传统的血管危险因素如高血压和血脂异常与脑小血管病的存在和进展有关,但其确切的病理生理学存在较大的不确定性,这阻碍了有效的治疗策略。白质高信号病变(WMH)是最常见的脑SVD表型之一,其组织学特征包括透明化和纤维化引起的动脉壁增厚,血管周围空间大,有炎症细胞沉积,脑血屏障破坏导致血管完整性丧失。因此,多项研究发现,动脉僵硬度增加与脑SVD负担呈正相关。

骨质密度(BMD)降低是老年人群中另一个普遍存在的危重病症,因为它与骨折风险和死亡率增加有关。最近的一项研究表明,骨质疏松症和血管功能障碍的关系密切,甚至这种联系强于衰老因素。骨密度下降与血管钙化和动脉硬化增加有关,可加重全身动脉僵化和终末器官损伤。涉及无卒中史的老年人的研究显示,WMH与骨质疏松症密切相关。然而,专注于BMD与不同脑SVD表型之间关系的研究却很少。此外,骨与脑动脉之间的病理生理学联系尚不明确


藉此,韩国首尔国立大学的Jeong-Min Kim等人研究了脑中风人群中,骨密度和SVD的联系。

他们对1190例连续脑卒中患者的数据进行分析。我们分析了1190名50岁以上的连续脑卒中患者的数据,这些患者同时接受了脑MRI和双能(dual-energy)X射线吸收仪检查。根据患者的骨密度(正常、骨质疏松和骨质疏松)将其分为三组。同时评估SVD的MRI指标:WMH,腔梗,微出行,血管间隙进而确定SVD评分。此外,他们还招募了70名脑卒中患者,研究与脑动脉硬化和骨代谢都相关的血清骨周转标志物和microRNA,以了解骨和脑的相互作用。

结果显示,284名患者(23.9%)确定为骨质疏松,450名患者(37.8%)有骨质疏松症。随着骨密度的降低,除脑叶微血症外,SVD总分和各SVD表型的发生率均增加。logistic回归分析显示,骨质疏松症与严重的SVD负担独立相关。骨质疏松症和最大SVD总分患者中,microRNA-378f的水平显著增加,并与甲状旁腺激素和骨钙素呈正相关。

这个研究的重要意义在于发现了,骨矿物质流失与高血压脑动脉变性之间存在病理生理学联系,这可能是由于循环microRNA介导

原文出处:
Kim, JM, Park, KY, Kim, HR, Ahn, HY, Pantoni, L., Park, MS, ... & Jaehan Bae, D. Association of Bone Mineral Density to Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden. _Neurology_ .

 

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    2021-08-25 yinhl1978
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    2021-05-06 MedSciZeng

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    2021-01-23 Eleven17

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WMH、血管周间隙扩大和脑萎缩等脑小血管疾病特征,尤其是WMH和深部WMH的严重程度,是发生抑郁症的危险因素。

J Neurol Neurosur Ps:冷漠而非抑郁症预测脑小血管疾病患者的全因痴呆

冷漠而非抑郁症可能是SVD痴呆的前驱症状,可能有助于识别高危人群。