Clin Infect Dis:经验性抗生素治疗CRGNB造成的严重感染有效吗?

2019-01-18 王淳 环球医学

2018年11月,以色列、希腊和意大利学者发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项前瞻性研究,考察了经验性抗生素治疗(EAT)和碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药的革兰氏阴性菌(CRGNB)造成的严重感染患者死亡率之间的相关性。

2018年11月,以色列、希腊和意大利学者发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项前瞻性研究,考察了经验性抗生素治疗(EAT)和碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药的革兰氏阴性菌(CRGNB)造成的严重感染患者死亡率之间的相关性。

背景:应避免经验性使用多黏菌素。本研究旨在评估涵盖EAT和与CRGNB造成的感染患者死亡率之间的相关性。

方法:这是一项随机对照试验的二次分析,研究对象为CRGNB造成的血流感染、肺炎或尿脓毒症成年患者。全部患者接受经验性抗生素后,进行针对性治疗。暴露变量为首个48小时内的覆盖EAT。结局为28天死亡率。研究者通过多变量回归分析和倾向得分匹配调整了分析。

结果:本研究纳入了406名严重CRGNB感染的住院患者,多数为鲍曼不动杆菌(312/406[77%])。209名患者(51.5%)使用了覆盖EAT,多数是多黏菌素(200人)。接受非覆盖EAT的患者的年龄更大,更常为无意识和依赖、携带导管、机械通气治疗肺炎。非覆盖vs覆盖EAT的死亡率为84/197(42.6%)vs 96/209(45.9%)(P=0.504)。在调整分析中,覆盖EAT与生存期不相关,相反,与死亡率有弱相关性(比值比[OR],1.37;95% 置信区间[CI],1.02~1.84)。多黏菌素单药治疗和多黏菌素+碳青霉烯类抗生素EAT的结果相似。倾向得分匹配队列中(338人),覆盖抗生素与死亡率不显着相关(OR,1.42;95% CI,0.91~2.22)。14天死亡率的分析结果相似。

结论:鉴别出病原学之前,经验性使用多黏菌素并联合或不联合碳青霉烯类抗生素,与CRGNB造成(主要是鲍曼不动杆菌)的严重感染后的生存期延长不相关。

原始出处:

Zak-Doron Y, Dishon Benattar Y, Pfeffer I, et al. The Association Between Empirical Antibiotic Treatment and Mortality in Severe Infections Caused by Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative Bacteria: A Prospective Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Nov 28;67(12):1815-1823. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy371.

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