Neuromodulation:术中神经监测定位S1背根节以确定理想导联定位和预测术后计划的前瞻性分析

2021-06-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

背根神经节(DRG)是外周神经和中枢神经系统之间的中继或连接。它已被证明在慢性神经病理性疼痛中发挥作用,因此适合于神经调节的理想结构。每个DRG感觉成分的神经调节是治疗局灶性疼痛综合征的一个机会。这项

背根神经节(DRG)是外周神经和中枢神经系统之间的中继或连接。它已被证明在慢性神经病理性疼痛中发挥作用,因此适合于神经调节的理想结构。每个DRG感觉成分的神经调节是治疗局灶性疼痛综合征的一个机会。这项精确的研究发现,对于患有复杂区域性疼痛综合征和烧灼痛的患者,DRG刺激优于传统的脊髓刺激(SCS)。DRG刺激用于治疗局灶性疼痛,它也被用于失败的背部手术综合征和其他神经性疼痛模式,如周围神经病变。将一根导线放置在所需水平的椎弓根下方,以刺激DRG的背侧感觉纤维。胸椎和腰椎的DRG位于椎弓根下方一致且可重复的位置。然而,骶骨区域中每个DRG的位置不太清楚,并且已显示出根据现有骶骨水平而变化。具体到S1,DRG的位置显示在孔内的时间占55%到60%,在管内的时间占40%到45%。

考虑到DRG位置的变化以及放置电极需要穿过椎管和孔,通过经孔入路进行理想的放置是一个挑战。它还提出了正确绘制DRG位置的需要,以确保适当的刺激覆盖范围。透视成像可以确认骶骨边界的位置,但不能确认背向DRG。通常,一旦电极放置在荧光镜成像下,就可以通过刺激DRG来确认电极的放置。对一个睡着的病人进行清醒测试或术中神经监测(IONM)。这项前瞻性分析着眼于使用离子显微镜,确认正确的背部放置电极。这种分析不仅可以指导睡眠状态下的导联放置,而且有助于确定DRG的位置和指导术后的编程。

image

神经刺激电极

这是一项前瞻性分析,对术中神经监测(IONM)在睡眠患者中的应用进行了分析,用体感诱发电位(SSEP)和肌电图(EMG)阈值来绘制S1 DRG的位置,并将其与术后编程进行了比较。这些观察结果与电极接触点相对于骶骨边缘的位置相关。这是在一个中心进行的,8名患者中放置了12个导联。在一名全麻患者中使用了标准的已发表的IONM协议,以确保安全和导线放置。利用荧光成像进行S1 DRG导联经口放置和确认骶骨边界的位置。然后利用体感诱发电位(SSEP)和肌电图(EMG)测试进行神经监测以确定阈值。刺激参数的脉冲宽度为250 μ秒,频率为20赫兹。该测试不代表在椎管/孔内重新定位导联背侧或腹侧,而更多的是确定电极进入孔内的深度,以确定DRG是否靠近椎管或孔。

在8名患者中进行了12次导联放置。其中女性7例,男性1例,年龄31~78岁。诊断包括CRPS和神经病变。离子显微镜显示,运动阈值降低(更容易引起)或保持不变。感觉信号产生或近端或骶骨边界的大部分时间。有三种情况下,SSEP信号产生在边界之前,但这些情况下也产生了更好的近端信号相比。只有一根导联没有显示SSEP,但该患者近端肌电阈值也很高,随着刺激测试的深入,近端肌电阈值显著降低。所有导联均放置在骶骨边缘前,其余导联位于骶骨边缘或骶骨边缘后。这是除了一个病人(双侧导联)谁有两个接触前骶骨边界。这是唯一一个利用最近端接触点进行术后编程的患者,接触点4与骶骨边界正后方对齐,并与所有其他患者使用的3号接触点相关。所有患者术后均进行了与骶骨或骶骨边缘接触的编程,这也与IONM的发现相关。

DRG刺激在治疗局灶性疼痛、慢性神经病理性疼痛、周围神经病变和CRPS方面已被证明是有效的。DRG在颈椎、胸椎和腰椎区域的位置解剖学描述良好,位置可重复,仅低于椎弓根(17,10)。由于DRG位置的差异,骶骨区域会发生变化,这取决于现有的骶骨水平,可能影响其在椎管或孔中的位置。在尸体上,S1 DRG的位置显示在孔内的时间占55%到60%,在椎管内的时间占40%到45%,但在活着的病人中可能存在变异。S1-DRG的检测存在困难和局限性,因为接触点位于椎管和椎间孔内,并通过脑脊液间隙扩散。这使得在接触点的不同位置有肌电图反应成为可能。该技术的优势在于能够确定SSEP阈值,以确定背根神经节的位置和位置,从而避免过度刺激神经根或背根神经节的腹侧纤维。

这一前瞻性分析进一步证明了IONM的实用性和准确性。DRG-IONM的应用对确定背侧沿S1背根的位置、定位和指导术后编程是有意义的。

Falowski, S.M. (2021), A Prospective Analysis of the Use of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring for Mapping the S1 Dorsal Root Ganglion Location to Determine Ideal Lead Positioning and Predict Postoperative Programming. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface, 24: 758-762. 

 

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    2022-03-20 丁鹏鹏
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1662336, encodeId=4dc8166233627, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a426545472' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#测定#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65454, encryptionId=6a426545472, topicName=测定)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8db925396819, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Sun Mar 20 16:50:18 CST 2022, time=2022-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006527, encodeId=e3d5200652e6e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=924a3264381' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#前瞻性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32643, encryptionId=924a3264381, topicName=前瞻性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5cb32500112, createdName=1508842480_96220437, createdTime=Fri Nov 26 03:50:18 CST 2021, time=2021-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=978559, encodeId=99f99e8559d7, content=学到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ca8a5535304, createdName=ms3000000373418813, createdTime=Thu Jul 01 10:56:11 CST 2021, time=2021-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=977394, encodeId=9d769e739435, content=背根神经节(DRG)是外周神经和中枢神经系统之间的中继或连接。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=bd984965877, createdName=1453df99m58暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 27 20:07:40 CST 2021, time=2021-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=977376, encodeId=18519e737646, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Sun Jun 27 19:00:20 CST 2021, time=2021-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2021-07-01 ms3000000373418813

    学到

    0

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    2021-06-27 1453df99m58暂无昵称

    背根神经节(DRG)是外周神经和中枢神经系统之间的中继或连接。。

    0

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    2021-06-27 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

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15年前的一场车祸使保罗一直处于植物人状态,神经外科医生将迷走神经刺激器植入到他的胸膛后出现了有意识的迹象。发表于《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果表明,迷走神经刺激(VNS)是一种用于治疗癫痫和抑郁的方法,此次研究表明VNS有助于恢复意识,对于多年处于植物人状态的患者也有积极作用。

Br J Surg:神经刺激能不能治疗难治性便秘?

开放性研究报告了骶神经刺激治疗难治性便秘的良好效果。在这里,通过一项双盲交叉试验评估其疗效。至少符合以下两个标准的患者纳入研究:每周排便不到三次;超过25%的尝试都在竭力疏散;或超过25个以上的场合感觉到不完全疏散。治疗的反应被定义为每周至少三次排便和/或症状改善超过50%。对最初三周周围神经评估响应者提供永久植入脉冲发生器,随机分配到两个间隔8周的积极或虚假刺激的交叉设计中。在两个试验期结束时,

随机双盲研究:枕部神经刺激缓解药物治疗无效偏头痛

美国头痛学会年会上报告的一项针对偏头痛药物治疗无应答患者的随机双盲试验显示,枕部神经刺激可使慢性偏头痛缓解。 该研究中,费城杰佛逊头痛中心的研究者纳入125例每月至少15天有头痛发作、至少3种预防性药物治疗失败并发生中度头痛相关障碍的慢性、难治性偏头痛患者。其疼痛必须在10 cm视觉模拟量表中标注在6 cm以上,且疼痛局限于头后部或起源于颈部区域。不要求患者既往对枕部神经阻滞有应答,Silbers

Clin Gastroenterology H:耳神经刺激可以改善患有肠易激综合征的青少年临床症状

耳神经刺激疗法,是一种非侵入性的将经皮电神经场刺激(PENFS)传递至外耳的神经刺激疗法,对患有功能性腹痛性疾病的小儿患者有效。

Neuromodulation:刺激背根神经节治疗胸部手术后慢性疼痛的初步研究

开胸术后疼痛综合征(PTPS)由国际疼痛研究协会(IASP)定义为“在开胸手术切口至少两周内复发或持续的疼痛” 手术后数月”。PTPS的主要原因包括术