JAMA network open:健康靠“自我感觉”不靠谱;平时身体贼好,也会突发心脏病或中风

2019-05-21 朱朱 文韬 中国循环杂志

研究发现,在认为自己身体极好者中,约10%已有亚临床心血管病,但没有症状。这些人发生心脏病或脑卒中的风险较高。

有些人会纳闷,自己平时身体挺好的,很注意饮食,运动规律,也不吸烟,怎么就得了心脏病或中风了呢?

近期JAMA子刊一项研究称,自己认为很“健康”,但实际上可能不是那么回事儿。

研究发现,在认为自己身体极好者中,约10%已有亚临床血管病,但没有症状。这些人发生心脏病或脑卒中的风险较高。

因此,自我感觉和实际情况并不相符。

研究对45~84岁没有血管病的6764位成人进行了13年的跟踪,其中12%为华人。

根据自我评估,健康状况分为极好、很好、好、差或一般四级。

分析显示,自我评估认为健康的人确实更“健康”,饮食健康,体力活动多,心血管危险因素也较少。

但无论是何种健康分级,四组人群均有半数已有冠脉钙化。

即使自我评估健康极好,只要有钙化,发生心血管病的风险还是增加了5倍。

当然由于危险因素少,自我评估健康状况好的人总体上心血管病风险较低。

在美国心血管病风险评分模型中,加入自我评估健康状况,不会提高预测价值。

作者认为,自我评估的健康状况尽管有一定的帮助作用,但预测作用不如冠脉钙化。

理论上,与自我评估的健康状况相关的心血管危险因素包括(下图):

(1)可测量的心血管危险因素:高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病

(2)社会人口学因素:民族/种族、年龄、教育程度、社会经济地位;

(3)对危险因素的控制:用药依从性;

(4)精神健康状况:抑郁和焦虑;

(5)社会因素:社交孤立、情感困境。

与冠脉钙化评分相关的心血管危险因素包括(下图):

(1)可测量的心血管危险因素:高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病

(2)人口学因素:年龄、性别、种族/民族;

(3)不可估量的心血管危险因素:PM2.5,二手烟;

(4)心血管病遗传倾向:家族性高胆固醇血症。


理论上与自我评估的健康状况和冠脉钙化相关的心血管危险因素

原始出处:Olusola A. Orimoloye, Mohammadhassan Mirbolouk, Iftekhar Uddin, et al. Association Between Self-rated Health, Coronary Artery Calcium Scores, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk
The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). JAMA network open. February 15, 2019

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    2019-09-01 zhaojie88
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    2019-12-15 feather89
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    2019-05-21 guging

    中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧

    0