EHJ:CABG术后心肌损伤对预后有长期影响,如何预测更为准确?

2022-02-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

4UD和ARC标准是短期及长期预后强有力的预测因素。

冠状动脉旁路移植(CABG)手术仍然是治疗多血管冠状动脉疾病(CAD)的首选方法,尤其是对于糖尿病或缺血性心力衰竭的患者。CABG术后,心脏生物标志物通常会升高,因为心肌缺血与心脏停搏和再灌注以及手术过程本身都与心肌损伤有关。

目前有关CABG后围术期心肌梗死(pMI)对临床相关长期事件的影响存在争议。为了分析在CABG手术后pMI的发生率及根据目前的定义,确定pMI患者的长期预后情况,来自奥地利、德国等国的专家联合开展了相关研究,结果发表在《欧洲心脏病》杂志上。

研究人员对两个三级大学中心接受CABG手术的2829名冠心病患者的连续队列进行了回顾性分析,并对围手术期的心脏生物标志物(心肌肌钙蛋白和肌酸激酶)进行了连续测量。根据(i)第四届心肌梗死通用定义(4UD),(ii)心血管血管造影和介入学会(SCAI)的定义,以及(iii)学术研究联盟(ARC),评估pMI的发生率和预后影响。本研究的主要终点是心肌梗死、全因死亡和重复血管重建的综合指标;次要终点是30天内和5年内的死亡率。

总的来说,pMI的发生率有显著差异(49.5% SCAI vs. 2.9% 4UD vs. 2.6% ARC)。其中,4UD和ARC标准仍然是30天内 [4UD:OR=12.18;95%CI:5. 00-29.67;P<0.001;ARC:OR=13.16;95% CI 5.41-32.00;P<0.001]和5年全因死亡的强有力的独立预测因素[4UD:HR=2.13;95% CI 1.19-3.81;P=0.011;ARC:HR=2.23;95% CI 1.21-4.09;P=0.010]。此外,围手术期心电图新变化的发生对主要和次要终点都有预示作用。

所用的围手术期心肌梗死的定义对发病率和预后有很大影响。

由此可见,根据接受CABG手术的患者的心肌梗死的基本定义,PMI的发生率和预后有明显的不同。孤立的基于生物标志物释放的定义(如肌钙蛋白)与预后相关的pMI没有关联。通过新的心电图异常、区域室壁运动异常或冠状动脉造影检测到的其他缺血迹象应在日常临床实践中迅速采取行动。

 

参考文献:

Impact of myocardial injury after coronary artery bypass grafting on long-term prognosis, European Heart Journal, 2022;, ehac054, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac054

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    2022-02-19 医者仁者
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    2022-02-15 未来将来

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拓展阅读

Eur Heart J:左主干冠状动脉疾病患者PCI和CABG疗效比较

在这项非随机研究中在对已知和未知混杂因素进行多变量调整后,与PCI相比,LMCA患者接受CABG治疗后与更低的死亡率和更低的MACCE发生率相关。

AHA 2022:在冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)中桡动脉与右胸内动脉/隐静脉的15年预后比较(RAPCO-RITA研究)

RAPCO研究,是比较冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)中桡动脉与右胸内动脉/隐静脉的对比。10年的随访结果,发表在2020年Circulation上。显示,桡动脉和游离右侧乳内动脉的10年通畅率分别为8

Stroke:无症状颈动脉狭窄患者进行CABG合并CEA术的5年结果

在5年的随访中,与单独的CABG相比,尽管在统计上并不显著,联合CABG+CEA与较高的卒中或死亡比率有关。

JACC:合并糖尿病的多血管病变患者选择CABG和PCI因人而异

FREEDOM研究后续随访近8年的数据显示,对于合并糖尿病的多血管病变患者,冠状动脉旁路手术(CABG)优于经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)。

EHJ:三血管或左主干患者手术怎么选?选PCI还是CABG还真有讲究!

在3VD和/或LMCAD患者中,MAG可能是更理想的CABG配置,以实现比PCI更低的长期全因死亡率。

JACC:肾功能轻度受损对接受多血管冠状动脉血运重建手术的患者预后没有影响

在通过PCI或CABG进行血管重建的多血管疾病患者中,肾功能轻度下降与主要综合结果和死亡率的风险增加没有明显关系。