Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg:在一个大的成人群体中利用基因组的方法调查显性语后听力损失基因的罕见变异

2021-08-04 AlexYang MedSci原创

在儿科群体中,听力损失是研究得最好的遗传病之一,大多数听力损失基因都来自于儿科相关文献,与之相反,

在儿科群体中,听力损失是研究得最好的遗传病之一,大多数听力损失基因都来自于儿科相关文献,与之相反,当成年人患有听力损失时,很少对其进行遗传学病因评估。由于目前对成人发病的听力损失的临床管理不会受到基因测试结果的明显影响,因此很少向患者提供遗传测试。然而,大约80%的听力损失病例是在20岁后诊断出来的,而目前对成年人听力损失的遗传结构知之甚少。

近期,有研究人员调查了罕见变异在成人听力损失发病中的重要性。研究是一个基因组关联研究

研究人员调查了宾夕法尼亚州医学生物库中16657名未经选择的个体的42个常染色体显性(DFNA)语后听力损失(HL)基因的罕见变异(小等位基因频率<5%)情况。他们确定了已知的致病和预测的有害变体在患有感音神经性听力损失受试者中的流行率,筛查了已知的语后DFNA HL基因,从而确定那些对表型贡献最大的基因,并在一个独立的队列(英国生物银行)中复制了研究结果。

研究发现,虽然个别情况下很罕见,但如果考虑到所有语后DFNA基因中变体的累积,则90%以上的受试者至少携带1个罕见变体。预测为有害的罕见变异体在有听力损失的成人中富集(纯音平均值>25分贝;P=0.015)。与对照组基因型相比,具有罕见预测的有害变体的患者患HL几率为1.27(P=0.029)。DIABLO、PTPRQ、TJP2和POU4F3的基因与感音神经性听力损失独立相关。

语后DFNA听力损失基因中感音神经性听力损失与基因负荷的相关性情况

综上所述,虽然以前的报告集中在常见的变体上,但他们发现DFNA语后HL基因的罕见预测的有害变体在一个大型医疗系统人群中成人发病的HL患者中富集。该研究显示了调查罕见变异的价值,以发现与相关基因有关的听力损失表型。

原始出处:

Shadi Ahmadmehrabi, Binglan Li, Daniel Hui et al. A Genome-First Approach to Rare Variants in Dominant Postlingual Hearing Loss Genes in a Large Adult Population. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jul 2021

 

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    2022-02-12 xjy13
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    2021-08-06 ysjykql
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    2021-08-06 syscxl

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