J Clin Oncol:依鲁替尼联合维奈托克作为慢性淋巴细胞白血病一线治疗的良好预后

2021-10-10 Nebula MedSci原创

完成一线治疗后确认的微小残留病灶不可检测到的患者停止治疗后的1年无病生产率高达95%

 

依鲁替尼,是一种BTK抑制剂,也是唯一一种被证实相比标准化疗和/或免疫化疗可同时改善既往未治疗过的CLL或小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤患者的无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)的靶向疗法。

随机的2期CAPTIVATE (NCT02910583) 研究评估了CLL患者采用依鲁替尼联合维奈托克一线治疗的疗效和安全性。本文主要报告了完成一线治疗后根据微小残留病灶(MRD)决定是否停止治疗的预后。

在该研究中,既往未治疗过的70岁以下的CLL患者接受了三个疗程的依鲁替尼+12个疗程的依鲁替尼联合维奈托克。确定无法检测到微小残留病灶(uMRD)的患者被进一步随机1:1分成两组,接受双盲的安慰剂或依鲁替尼维持;不能确定MRD检测不到的患者也被随机分成两组,接受开放标签的依鲁替尼或依鲁替尼+维奈托克治疗。主要终点是1年无病生存(DFS)率。

uMRD的获得情况

共164位患者进入三个疗程的依鲁替尼治疗。12个疗程的依鲁替尼+维奈托克治疗后,最佳uMRD缓解率为75%(外周血)和68%(骨髓)。86位确认uMRD的患者随机接受安慰剂(n=43)或依鲁替尼(n=43)。中位随访了31.3个月。在确认uMRD的患者人群中,安慰剂组和依鲁替尼组之间的1年PFS率无显著差异(95% vs 100%;组间差:4.7%,p=0.15)。

安慰剂组和依鲁替尼组患者的1年PFS率

在初始3个疗程的依鲁替尼治疗后肿瘤被减灭的患者中,在基线时具有高肿瘤溶解综合征风险的40位患者中有36位(90%) 转变为中或低肿瘤溶解综合征风险类别。不良事件在依鲁替尼+维奈托克治疗的前6个月最常见,但随着时间的推移通常会减少。

综上所述,依鲁替尼联合维奈托克作为CLL的一线治疗方案可获得较高的缓解率。完成一线治疗后确认的微小残留病灶不可检测到的患者停止治疗后的1年无病生产率高达95%,提示MRD或可指示接受该方案治疗的CLL患者是否需要接受依鲁替尼持续治疗。

原始出处:

William G. Wierda, et al. Ibrutinib Plus Venetoclax for First-Line Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Primary Analysis Results From the Minimal Residual Disease Cohort of the Randomized Phase II CAPTIVATE Study. Journal of Clinical Oncology. October 7, 2021. https://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/JCO.21.00807

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