JAND:为什么越来越多的年轻人得结肠癌?

2023-03-05 生物探索 生物探索 发表于上海

近年来,美国青壮年人群结肠癌病例数量激增引起了科学家的警惕。数据显示,25年来,55岁以下人群的结肠癌诊断病例数量翻了近一倍:1995年只有11%。现在为20%。美国癌症协会警告说,很多病例是在癌症扩

近年来,美国青壮年人群结肠癌病例数量激增引起了科学家的警惕。数据显示,25年来,55岁以下人群的结肠癌诊断病例数量翻了近一倍:1995年只有11%。现在为20%。美国癌症协会警告说,很多病例是在癌症扩散到身体其他部位后才被诊断出来的,这使得治疗更加困难。
 
尽管还不清楚年轻人结肠癌病例增加的原因,但研究人员认为,这可能与环境和生活方式的改变有关。例如,不健康的饮食习惯、过量饮酒和缺乏运动等都被认为是导致患结肠癌风险增加的因素。然而,这些因素并不能解释为什么其他类型的癌症在年轻人中的发病率没有上升,甚至在某些情况下下降。因此,研究人员正在努力探索其他潜在的因素,如环境污染和慢性炎症等。
 
结肠癌的早期症状经常被年轻人所忽略。这些症状包括排便时出现的血迹、腹部疼痛和体重减轻等。医生通常认为这些症状可能与其他疾病有关,因此很容易错过早期诊断,导致病情进一步恶化。美国癌症协会高级科学主任Rebecca Segel博士表示:“我们知道年轻人的发病率在增加,但看到整个患者群体如此迅速地向年轻化转变,这令人感到担忧。”
 
对此,专家呼吁人们要关注结肠癌的早期筛查和检测。与年长的患者不同,年轻人往往不会意识到自己的症状可能是结肠癌的先兆。结肠癌筛查通常使用结肠镜检查的方式,通过在肛门插入摄像头来检查肠道内是否存在异常生长物或变化。专家建议,45岁及以上的成年人应每十年接受一次结肠癌筛查检查。此外,由于近年来年轻人患结肠癌的情况越来越普遍,2021年美国的结肠癌筛查年龄下限已经从50岁降低至45岁。然而,数据显示,只有约20%的年轻人参加了这些检查。相比之下,50至75岁的年龄段,大约有67%的人接受了检查。
 
此外,结肠癌的存活率也与早期诊断有关。数据显示,诊断后五年内存活的人数约占诊断总人数的64%。但是如果在早期阶段发现,这个数字可以提高至91%。如果病情只是扩散到周围组织或器官,存活率为72%。因此,必须加强公众对结肠癌筛查和治疗的认识,并鼓励更多的年轻人参加筛查,以便及早发现和治疗结肠癌,从而降低结肠癌的发病率和死亡率。
 
结肠癌在年轻人中的发病率越来越高。虽然目前还不清楚背后的原因,但专家们认为,积极采取健康的生活方式和及时进行结肠癌的筛查检测,可以帮助人们更早地发现病情,提高治愈率和存活率。此外,政府和医疗机构也需要加强宣传和投入,以加快结肠癌的治疗和预防研究进程。

参考资料:

[1]Du Y, Rong S, Sun Y, Liu B, Wu Y, Snetselaar LG, Wallace RB, Bao W. Association Between Frequency of Eating Away-From-Home Meals and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Sep;121(9):1741-1749.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.01.012. Epub 2021 Mar 25. PMID: 33775622.

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    2023-03-06 1482963am12暂无昵称 来自新疆

    学习了

    0

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    2023-03-06 1482963am12暂无昵称 来自新疆

    学习了

    0

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    2023-03-05 yangchou 来自浙江省

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

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    2023-03-05 13d0179fm99暂无昵称 来自山西省

    多吃富含纤维素的食物可以降低结肠癌的发生率

    0

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    2023-03-05 1212ad1cm87暂无昵称

    不错,学习了。

    0

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    2023-03-05 八骏奔腾 来自山东省

    l学习了

    0

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    2023-03-05 lifestar 来自上海

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