JAMA Netw Open:户外环境细颗粒物与儿童细胞内白质微结构特性的关系

2022-01-11 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

室外颗粒物小于等于2.5μ(PM2.5)是一种普遍存在的具有神经毒性的物质,吸入PM2.5可导致神经炎症和氧化应激,可能引起神经损伤,影响神经胶质支持细胞。

背景:室外颗粒物小于等于2.5μ(PM2.5)是一种普遍存在的具有神经毒性的物质,吸入PM2.5可导致神经炎症和氧化应激,可能引起神经损伤,影响神经胶质支持细胞。最近的磁共振成像(MRI)研究表明PM2.5暴露与大脑结构和体积有关,包括白质,主要由髓鞘轴突和神经胶质支持细胞组成,影响大脑发育。人们对PM2.5和白质之间的联系知之甚少。

目的:评估美国9-10岁儿童每年住宅PM2.5暴露与脑白质微结构健康之间的关系,并检查这种联系是否具有特定白质通路的特异性,或者在反映细胞内和细胞外微结构过程的神经成像扩散标记物之间是否存在差异。

设计、设置和参与者:这项名为青少年大脑和认知发展(ABCD)研究的横断面研究由全美21个研究地点组成,使用了从2016年9月1日至2018年10月15日收集的9至10岁儿童的基线数据。数据分析时间为2020年9月15日至2021年6月30日。

暴露:通过基于集合的模型估计的PM2.5年平均暴露值,并在基线时按照居住地进行分配。

主要结果和指标:使用弥散加权成像(DWI)和纤维束造影来描绘白质束。应用限制谱成像(RSI)生物物理模拟技术检测各束内总的受阻扩散和限制性各向同性和各向异性的细胞内扩散。采用自然样条分层混合效应模型分析PM2.5暴露与DWI之间的关系。

结果:在7602名儿童(平均年龄119.1[7.42月]个月;女性3955名[52.0%];亚裔160名[21.%];黑人1025名[13.5%];西班牙裔1616名[21.5%];西班牙裔1616名[21.3%];白人4025名[52.9%];其他774名[10.2%]被父母认定为美洲印第安人/美国原住民或阿拉斯加原住民;夏威夷原住民、瓜马尼亚人、萨摩亚人、其他太平洋岛民;亚裔印第安人;或其他种族])中,年度环境PM2.5和大脑半球白质显微结构的差异之间存在关联。半球分层模型显示PM2.5暴露与左侧扣带、左侧上纵束、双侧穹孔和钩状束的细胞内受限各向同性扩散之间存在显著关联。在相关性强的区域,PM2.5值从8μg/m3增加到12 mmol g/m3时,左侧扣带核增加2.16%(95%CI,0.49%~3.84%),左侧钩状带增加1.95%(95%CI,0.43%~3.47%),右侧钩状带增加1.68%(95%CI,0.01%~3.34%)。PM2.5和平均扩散系数之间普遍存在负相关。

图1 扩散加权成像(DWI)建模方法。成像体素中白质的生物成分的图示以及本研究中使用的两种扩散张量成像(DTI)建模方法的示意图:扩散张量成像(DTI)和限制光谱成像(RSI)。扩散张量成像测量细胞外水在体素上的扩散。主要的DTI结果包括分数各向异性(FA)和平均弥散率(MD)。虽然这些结果的大小和方向允许对轴突结构和完整性做出推断,但DTI只允许量化单个主要扩散方向,而不允许表征单个体素内轴突方向的相对贡献。相反,RSI是一个生物物理模型,它允许估计分隔的、受阻的和限制的水扩散。初步的RSI结果包括完全受阻扩散(HD)以及限制性各向同性细胞内扩散(RN0)和限制性定向细胞内扩散(RND),这些结果共同提供了对白质组织微观结构的生物学特性的更多洞察力。被阻挡的隔室可以包括细胞内空间内的扩散,允许大于扩散长度尺度的扩散(对于人的弥散成像,通常约为10μm)。鉴于RN0和RND相对于HD车厢归一化,受限车厢的变化是相对于其他车厢的。先前使用普通DTI和新的RSI指标的研究已经显示,RND和FA的方向性相似,但rN0和MD指标在儿童时期白质中的相关性相反。由BioRender.com创建。

图2 直径小于或等于2.5PM2.5的颗粒物暴露与限制性各向同性扩散的关系

图3 直径小于或等于2.5PM2.5的颗粒物暴露与平均扩散系数(MD)的关系

图4 与受限各向同性扩散增加相关的神经生物学假说

结果:这项横断面研究的结果表明,儿童时期年平均暴露的PM2.5与特定白质束的限制性各向同性扩散增加和平均扩散系数降低有关,这可能反映了白质微结构组成的差异。

原文出处:

Burnor E,  Cserbik D,  Cotter DL,et al.Association of Outdoor Ambient Fine Particulate Matter With Intracellular White Matter Microstructural Properties Among Children.JAMA Netw Open 2021 Dec 01;4(12)

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    2022-10-19 canlab
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    2022-09-03 lisa449
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    2022-10-15 feather89
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    2022-01-11 ms2000002042000994

    学习了

    0

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