JACC:Fontan 循环中肺血管储备受损的血流动力学和临床意义

2021-10-22 刘少飞 MedSci原创

肺血管储备 (VR) 受损在这些异常之间起着核心作用,与正常 VR 患者相比,运动后肺血管储备异常的患者会表现出更差的肺内皮功能、更大的肝脏硬度、更多的肾功能障碍,以及较差的运动能力。

研究背景:Fontan 手术是许多以单心室为特征的复杂先天性心脏病的首选治疗方法,它涉及将全身静脉血直接分流到肺循环中,从而产生非搏动性肺循环。肺血管疾病、肺内皮功能障碍、肝纤维化、肾脏疾病和运动不耐受在具有 Fontan 生理机能的成人中很常见。尽管已经研究了连接这些现象的病理生理机制,但某些方面还不是很清楚。

本研究假设肺血管储备 (VR) 受损在这些异常之间起着核心作用,与正常 VR 患者相比,运动后肺血管储备异常的患者会表现出更差的肺内皮功能、更大的肝脏硬度、更多的肾功能障碍,以及较差的运动能力。

研究方法:
Fontan 姑息治疗的有症状成人(n = 29)接受了有创心肺运动测试、超声心动图和微血管功能评估。异常肺 VR 定义为肺压相对于心输出量增加的斜率,运动 >3 mm Hg/l/min。使用反应性充血指数评估肺内皮功能。使用磁共振弹性成像衍生的肝脏硬度、肾小球滤过率、N 端前 B 型利钠肽和峰值耗氧量 (Vo2) 评估终末器官功能。

研究结果:
与正常 VR 的个体(n = 8)相比,异常 VR 的个体(n = 21)显示出更高的中心和肺静脉压,心输出量和每搏输出量对劳累的反应更严重,但静息时肺血管阻力相似。 VR 异常的患者反应性充血指数受损更严重,肝脏硬度增加,肾小球滤过率降低,N 端前 B 型利钠肽升高,Vo2 峰值降低。与静息时肺血管阻力相比,肺压相对于心输出量的增加斜率与反应性充血指数(r = -0.63 vs. r = -0.31;Meng test p = 0.009)、磁共振弹性成像衍生的相关性更强肝脏硬度(r = 0.47 vs. r = 0.29;Meng test p = 0.07),肾小球滤过率(r = -0.52 vs. r = -0.24;Meng test p = 0.03),N-末端前B型利钠剂肽(r = 0.56 vs. r = 0.17;Meng test p = 0.02)和峰值 Vo2(r = -0.63 vs. r = -0.26;Meng test p = 0.02)。

研究结论:
Fontan 生理学中的肺血管局限性与肺内皮和终末器官功能障碍有关,表明这些常见发现之间存在机制联系,并且这些异常在运动测试期间更为明显,在休息时几乎没有关系。

 

参考文献:

Egbe AC, Miranda WR, Anderson JH, Borlaug BA. Hemodynamic and Clinical Implications of Impaired Pulmonary Vascular Reserve in the Fontan Circulation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Dec 8;76(23):2755-2763. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.10.003. PMID: 33272370; PMCID: PMC7720935.

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    2022-09-29 hbwxf
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肺癌是全世界最常见的癌症。 肺癌患者经常有合并症,包括慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和心血管疾病,这使他们患肺动脉高压 (PH) 的风险增加。 P