Emerging Mic Infect:广州生物院研制出新型腺病毒载体埃博拉疫苗

2018-06-07 佚名 广州生物医药与健康研究院

埃博拉病毒可引发严重的出血热疾病,致死率极高。2014 年非洲埃博拉疫情大爆发造成上万人死亡,今年 4 月以来刚果地区又爆发了埃博拉疫情,并有扩大传播的趋势,疫苗成为埃博拉疫情防控的最有效工具。中国科学院广州生物医药与健康研究院冯立强团队研制了一种利用 2 型腺病毒为载体的埃博拉病毒疫苗,6 月 6 日,相关研究成果以 An adenovirus serotype 2 vectored ebola

埃博拉病毒可引发严重的出血热疾病,致死率极高。2014 年非洲埃博拉疫情大爆发造成上万人死亡,今年 4 月以来刚果地区又爆发了埃博拉疫情,并有扩大传播的趋势,疫苗成为埃博拉疫情防控的最有效工具。中国科学院广州生物医药与健康研究院冯立强团队研制了一种利用 2 型腺病毒为载体的埃博拉病毒疫苗,6 月 6 日,相关研究成果以 An adenovirus serotype 2 vectored ebolavirus vaccine generates robust antibody and cell-mediated immune responses in mice and rhesus macaques 为题在线发表于自然出版集团(NPG)学术期刊 Emerging Microbes & Infections 上。

埃博拉病毒感染人体后可迅速播散至全身组织器官,破坏结缔组织,造成严重的炎症因子风暴及免疫系统凋亡,最终感染者会因多器官衰竭及大面积出血而死亡。研究表明,人体在感染初期无法迅速产生高强度的免疫应答,导致机体无法有效控制病毒感染。疫苗则可诱导人体产生有效的抗埃博拉病毒免疫反应。我国科学家已研制出以 5 型腺病毒为载体的埃博拉疫苗,该疫苗可诱导高水平体液及细胞免疫应答,其保护性已在动物模型及临床试验中得到验证。但复杂严峻的疫情形势亟需研制多种候选疫苗,以应对全球公共卫生安全的需要。

人 2 型腺病毒与 5 型腺病毒同属腺病毒 C 亚群,作为疫苗载体同样具有免疫原性强、安全性高等优点,但是人 2 型腺病毒载体埃博拉疫苗还未见报道。在该研究中,科研人员利用复制缺陷型人 2 型腺病毒作为疫苗载体,制备了携带埃博拉病毒膜糖蛋白 GP 的候选疫苗。研究表明,在小鼠及猕猴模型,该候选疫苗均可迅速诱导高水平的体液和细胞免疫应答;这些免疫反应对其他流行株,如苏丹型埃博拉病毒(与埃博拉病毒同种属的另一高致死率病毒亚型),具有交叉反应活性。

科研人员进一步研究发现,该疫苗免疫原性不受人群中广泛存在的抗 5 型腺病毒中和抗体的影响,提示该疫苗可用于 5 型腺病毒抗体阳性人群 ,也可作为现有以 5 型腺病毒为载体的埃博拉病毒疫苗的加强苗,提供更有效的保护效果。

广州生物院博士研究生冯玉鹏为该论文第一作者,研究员冯立强和陈凌为该论文的通讯作者。研究得到国家自然科学基金、国家重点研发计划、广州市健康医疗协同创新重大专项、中科院青年创新促进会的支持。

原始出处:

Yupeng Feng, Chufang Li, Peiyu Hu, et al. An adenovirus serotype 2-vectored ebolavirus vaccine generates robust antibody and cell-mediated immune responses in mice and rhesus macaques. Emerging Microbes & Infectionsvolume 7, Article number: 101 (2018), doi:10.1038/s41426-018-0102-5.

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    2019-02-23 mei539
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    2018-06-08 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    了解了解.继续关注

    0

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    2018-06-07 虈亣靌

    好文.值得点赞!认真学习了.把经验应用于实践.为患者解除病痛.

    0

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