EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC一线治疗策略

2019-12-06 佚名 肿瘤资讯

目前一代、二代、三代EGFR TKI都已经上市,呈现出“百花齐放”的局面,那么对于EGFR突变阳性晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC),临床医生应该如何选择一线治疗方案呢?特邀浙江省肿瘤医院范云教授分享EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC的一线治疗策略。

目前一代、二代、三代EGFR TKI都已经上市,呈现出“百花齐放”的局面,那么对于EGFR突变阳性晚期非小细胞肺癌NSCLC),临床医生应该如何选择一线治疗方案呢?特邀浙江省肿瘤医院范云教授分享EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC的一线治疗策略。

范云,教授、主任医师、博士生导师,浙江省肿瘤医院胸部肿瘤内科主任,中国临床肿瘤学会理事,中国临床肿瘤学会小细胞肺癌专家委员会副主任委员,浙江省抗癌协会肿瘤内科专业委员会候任主任委员,浙江省医师协会肿瘤精准治疗专委会主任委员 ,浙江省抗癌协会抗癌药物及药理专业委员会副主任委员,浙江省抗癌协会食管癌专业委员会副主任委员,浙江省医学会肿瘤学分会常委。

一、二、三代EGFR TKI的疗效和安全性

EGFR突变NSCLC人群的一线治疗选择是临床医生比较困扰的问题,因为目前药物较多,选择方案也较多。在EGFR TKI单药治疗上,我们可以选择一代、二代和三代药物,此外目前还有很多的联合治疗研究数据呈现。在具体的临床实践中,如何进行选择,每个医生见仁见智,总体上而言,我们主要从疗效和不良反应两方面进行考量。

第一,从疗效角度看,目前已经进行过一代、二代、三代药物的比较研究,结果显示一代药物之间疗效差别不大;二代药物达可替尼相比于一代药物,在无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)上均有一定优势,在亚洲人群中OS有统计学差异(37.7 vs 29.1个月;P=0.0457);目前PFS数据最好的是三代EGFR TKI奥希替尼,FLAURA研究显示奥希替尼单药一线治疗可以取得18.9个月的PFS。在今年的ESMO大会上终于发布,奥希替尼组和第一代EGFR TKI组的中位OS分别为38.6个月 vs 31.8个月。两组患者存活都超过了30个月,第三代奥希替尼组更是达到了3年之久,FLAURA研究也是首个单药靶向治疗EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC能达到3年OS的临床研究。

第二,除了疗效以外,医生最关心的就是不良反应。临床研究表明三代EGFR TKI的不良反应发生率明显优于二代EGFR TKI,因此,奥希替尼一线治疗具有非常好的应用前景。目前NCCN指南已经将奥希替尼作为一线治疗的优选推荐。相信随着医保问题的解决,中国会有越来越多的患者选择奥希替尼一线治疗。

EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC治疗排兵布阵

对于EGFR突变患者一线治疗,一代、二代、三代药物都可以选择,但在具体决策时,需要根据患者的经济状况和身体状况选择。当然,除了考虑单药之外,还可以考虑联合治疗,例如EGFR TKI联合化疗,但是需要注意联合治疗的不良反应会明显增加,很多患者也会抗拒化疗,因此联合治疗目前还不是一个普遍选择,在临床应用上还存在瓶颈和障碍。因此,目前为止,NCCN指南和中国指南均没有把联合治疗作为EGFR突变的一线选择,单药一线治疗仍然是目前的主流趋势。

奥希替尼的耐药机制和耐药后治疗研究进展

奥希替尼一线治疗的耐药机制主要包括EGFR信号通路基因突变,如C797S突变;旁路激活突变,如c-MET扩增、HER2改变;EGFR扩增;组织学类型改变,如小细胞肺癌转化等。奥希替尼一线治疗耐药后的治疗方案是大家非常关心的问题,既往对于奥希替尼耐药的患者,我们只能采取化疗,没有其他非常有效的克服耐药的策略。今年的ASCO会议上报道了一些新药,在奥希替尼耐药后治疗上显现出一丝曙光,例如靶向EGFR和cMET的双特异性抗体JNJ-372,在88例可评估患者中,有效率可以达到28%。目前这个药物也计划在中国开展Ⅰ期临床研究,但最终上市仍需要进行更大样本的研究进一步验证。

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    2019-12-08 liuyiping
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    2019-12-06 肿肿

    NSCLC下一步突破在于新靶点了,靶向治疗和免疫治疗基本见顶了,再有新的就需要新机制了

    0

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Lancet Oncol:埃罗替尼+雷莫芦单抗治疗EGFR突变型转移性NSCLC

预临床数据和临床数据均支持双重阻断EGFR突变的转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的EGFR和VEGF通路,但方法尚未推广。现研究人员对埃罗替尼(酪氨酸激酶抑制剂)标准疗法联合雷莫芦单抗(人IgG1 VEGFR2拮抗剂)治疗未治疗过的EGFR突变型转移性NSCLC患者的疗效和安全性进行评估。本研究是一项国家性的双盲3期试验,招募了年满18岁的携带EGFR基因19号外显子缺失(ex19del)或21号

捷报频传!张力教授团队再次报道肺癌EGFR 20ins治疗新方案:奥希替尼+西妥昔单抗 成为潜力之选!

EGFR 突变肺癌患者中,第20号外显子插入突变,简称EGFR 20ins,占EGFR 突变的4%~12%,多见于不吸烟的NSCLC患者。

JAMA:慢性肾病风险评估模型研究

研究通过对来自34个多国队列的500多万人数据分析,得出了十分有效的慢性肾脏疾病风险评估模型

Lancet oncol:第三代酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(lazertinib)治疗晚期NSCLC

EGFR突变型非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者使用EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)治疗不可避免会对第一代或第二代药物产生耐药性。现研究人员对第三代突变选择性的EGFR TKI——lazertinib——用于EGFR TKI治疗后进展的晚期NSCLC患者的安全性、耐受性、药代动力学和活性进行评估。本研究是多中心的开放性1-2期研究,分为3个部分:剂量递增、剂量扩展和剂量强化;现对剂量递增和剂量扩展