OCC 2020:韩雅玲院士报告我国冠心病抗栓研究进展与展望

2020-06-02 心在线 心在线

5月29日晚,在云上东方——第十四届东方心脏病学会议开幕式的主题演讲中,北部战区总医院韩雅玲院士向广大线上观众分享了我国冠心病抗栓研究的探索和展望。

5月29日晚,在云上东方——第十四届东方心脏病学会议开幕式的主题演讲中,北部战区总医院韩雅玲院士向广大线上观众分享了我国冠心病抗栓研究的探索和展望。

韩雅玲院士指出,我国人群的冠心病类型与其他国家和地区存在较大差异,以急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)和不稳定性心绞痛(UA)为主。另外,我国人群的药物基因组学特点与国外人群存在明显差异,因此,在冠心病防治方面,迫切需要建立我国人群自己的数据。

一、我国冠心病抗栓临床研究探索

1. OPT-CAD研究

针对临床实践中血栓和出血风险预测难的问题,OPT-CAD研究拟通过大样本队列获取我国冠心病患者抗栓治疗的大数据,寻找我国冠心病患者人群血栓和出血的危险因素,构建简便易用的血栓和出血风险评分系统,以及双联抗血小板治疗(DAPT)疗程评分工具。

该研究由广东省人民医院和北部战区总医院牵头,覆盖全国32个省市107家医院,"十二五"期间共入选1.4万余例受试者,目前正在进行5年随访。"十三五"期间增选冠心病患者总样本量已达到3万余例以上。

通过采集患者的基因表型、炎症因子、病史特点等指标,进行综合分析,将患者分为低危、中危和高危三种风险类型,并据此对其进行个体化的抗血小板治疗。目前的结果显示,我国冠心病患者长期应用DAPT比例较低,亟待改善。与GRACE风险评分相比,OPT-CAD风险评分更适合我国人群。

非血运重建亚组分析结果表明,保守治疗的ACS患者如果延长DAPT时间至12个月以上,可以减少缺血事件,而出血事件无明显增加。

糖尿病亚组分析结果显示,高危糖尿病患者如果在PCI术后提前(<12个月)终止DAPT,则缺血事件明显增加。其中高危定义为年龄≥65岁或既往有心血管事件发生。

2. 比伐卢定在急性心梗患者急诊PCI围术期的使用

2015年发表于JAMA的BRIGHT研究结果显示,与普通肝素或肝素联合替罗非班相比,急性心梗患者PCI 术中和术后持续静滴3~4小时比伐卢定,可有效降低急性心梗发生率。

韩雅玲院士指出,BRIGHT研究在国际上首次提出抗栓"空窗期"的概念,并提出了解决方法,即采用术后足量延长静滴的方法覆盖抗栓"空窗期",可有效降低急性心梗发生风险,且不增加出血事件

在BRIGHT研究之后,韩雅玲院士团队对国内65家中心2047例STEMI患者直接PCI 围术期应用比伐卢定进行了回顾性分析。结果发现,PCI 术后持续应用高剂量比伐芦定的1123例患者无急性支架内血栓形成,而使用低剂量比伐芦定或术后停用比伐芦定的患者急性支架内血栓形成发生率为0.3%。该回顾性分析印证了BRIGHT前瞻性研究的结论。

3. 新一代药物洗脱支架置入后短期DAPT研究

由韩雅玲院士牵头的I-LOVE-IT 2研究DAPT亚组我国人群5年结果于2018年美国经导管心血管治疗学术会议(TCT)发布,提示对于稳定性冠心病和低危ACS患者,接受6个月DAPT的安全性和有效性不劣于12个月DAPT。这一结果为不能耐受长期DAPT的缺血中低危冠心病(尤其是出血高危)患者提供了安全有效的短疗程DAPT策略。

I-LOVE-IT 2研究得到国外专家学者的高度重视与认可。继2017年被ESC双联抗血小板治疗指南引用后,2018年再次被ESC心肌血运重建指南引用。

TWILIGHT研究是一项国际多中心的前瞻性、双盲、安慰剂对照试验,在我国纳入1194例受试者,评估采用替格瑞洛单药治疗在减少出血和缺血不良事件上的有效性和安全性。研究结果显示,与DAPT组相比,替格瑞洛单药组主要终点发生率显著降低(4.0% vs. 7.1%),相对风险降低44%,即替格瑞洛单药治疗显著降低BARC 2型、3型或5型出血事件。期待TWILIGHT研究亚洲人群的数据。

二、我国抗栓临床研究展望

韩雅玲院士之后介绍了我国冠心病抗栓研究领域在"十三五"期间的研究方向,即创建完整的抗栓优化诊、防、治体系和示范平台。冠心病血栓事件预测及优化干预技术研究涵盖构建风险评分、建立评价标准、优化干预策略及创新管理模式四个方面,并在此基础上开展五大课题。希望通过一系列研究,在冠心病抗栓领域获取更多的国人数据,为我国抗栓工作做出贡献。

随后,韩雅玲院士重点介绍了课题中的OPT-PEACE研究。该研究为前瞻性、多中心、双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验,旨在通过磁控胶囊内镜检测三种抗血小板方案的胃肠道黏膜损伤/出血情况,探索PCI 术后优化抗血小板治疗策略,并建立一套胃肠道损伤评分系统。

2017年7月13日成功入选首例患者,目前已成功随机分组505例。

三、新冠肺炎疫情期间如何保证临床试验质量

最后,韩雅玲院士就新冠肺炎疫情期间如何保证临床试验的质量这一话题,给出了几点意见和建议。

(1)全民防疫状态将较长时间存在,不能松懈;

(2)临床试验的管理适应防疫形势做出相应调整;

(3)严抓患者的随访,并保证随访质量;

(4)通过远程医疗系统或其他方式和患者保持密切联系;

(5)会面访谈的比例应随疫情好转而逐步恢复至疫前水平;

(6)设计和开展新的临床试验前一定要充分评估疫情的影响。

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    2020-06-01 zhaojie88
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    2020-06-01 hmwwww
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    2020-05-30 junJUN

    院士是学术至高点,也是大家必争之地呀

    0

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    2020-05-30 wxl882001

    了解一下

    0

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2019年4月,欧洲卒中组织(ESO)发布了卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作以及非瓣膜性房颤患者卒中和其他血栓栓塞事件二级预防抗栓治疗指南,文章主要建议内容涉及药物治疗时间和桥接治疗,左心房封堵术,既往脑出血患者重新开始治疗,特定患者的药物治疗等。

中国急性血栓性疾病抗栓治疗共识

急性血栓性疾病是临床常见的一大类急症,属于急性非创伤性血管急症的范畴;按照累及的血管系统分类可分为动脉系统血栓栓塞和静脉系统血栓栓塞,按照解剖器官分类可以分为头颈部血栓栓塞、胸部血栓栓塞、腹部血栓栓塞、肢体血栓栓塞等。动脉系统血栓栓塞表现为受累血管支配的相应器官缺血,甚至坏死,及时的血管再灌注治疗可以挽救相应器官,也直接影响患者的预后;静脉系统血栓栓塞包括肺栓塞和深静脉血栓(DVT),表现为受累静

抗栓治疗早期出血应警惕癌症:尿道出血者泌尿系统肿瘤的风险增加82倍

在近日召开的欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)年会上,COMPASS研究的一项最新分析提示,心血管病患者在接受抗栓治疗6个月内如果出现胃肠道或尿道出血,要警惕胃肠道或泌尿系统肿瘤。

拓展阅读

OCC 2020|Joseph Hill教授:心血管医学之未来展望

在OCC 2020,Joseph Hill根据当前世界新冠肺炎疫情形势及心血管医学面临种种问题,发表了题为“危机与挑战:心血管医学之未来展望”的演讲。

OCC 2020:何奔教授:《中国左心耳封堵预防心房颤动卒中专家共识2019》解读

2020年第十四届东方心脏病学会议上,上海交通大学附属胸科医院何奔教授对《中国左心耳封堵预防心房颤动卒中专家共识2019》进行了精彩解读。

OCC 2020:黄峻教授:慢性心衰药物全新作用机制展露新曙光

心力衰竭(心衰)是多种原因导致心脏结构和/或功能的异常改变,使心室收缩和/或舒张功能发生障碍,从而引起的一组复杂临床综合征,主要表现为呼吸困难、疲乏和液体潴留(肺淤血、体循环淤血及外周水肿)等。根据左

OCC 2020丨谁能拯救“蓝嘴唇”?肺动脉高压辩论会精彩角逐

2020年5月28日,由上海医学会和上海市医学会心血管病分会主办的第十四届东方心脏病学会议第一天。其中的肺循环疾病论坛,特设肺动脉高压(PAH)靶向药物治疗辩论赛环节,由多位专家针对两个主题进行辩论性

OCC 2020|代谢与心血管病相关指南解读

5月30日下午,第十四届东方心脏病学的会议代谢与心血管病论坛在云上东方Channel-3线上直播,论坛专门设置了“指南与共识”一节。

OCC 2020:从新冠肺炎的中医救治谈中成药的合理应用

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