Nat Commun:为“脱发”操碎了心:寻找药物恢复头发生长

2018-11-30 小通 生物通

刺激头发根部皮肤细胞之间串扰,研究人员说,现在已经能让受损皮肤再生头发了。

刺激头发根部皮肤细胞之间串扰,研究人员说,现在已经能让受损皮肤再生头发了。



这项研究由纽约大学医学院领导,11月发文《Nature Communications》,实验集中在成纤维细胞上,这种细胞分泌胶原蛋白,胶原蛋白负责维持皮肤和头发的形状和强度。

研究人员激活了细胞用于通讯的音猬因子(sonic hedgehog,SHH)信号途径。众所周知,人类在子宫内发育的早期阶段,毛囊形成时该通路非常活跃,但是健康成年人受损皮肤部位该通路停滞不前。研究人员猜测,这可能是受伤或手术后毛囊无法生长的原因。

“研究表明,在伤口愈合中,刺激SHH通路可以刺激成纤维细胞触发毛发生长,”研究通讯作者、细胞生物学家Mayumi Ito副教授说。

Ito说,让受损皮肤重新长毛,医学还不能解决。世界范围,有成千上万的人因烧伤、创伤和其他损伤而没有头发。

我们的目标是向成熟的皮肤细胞发出信号,使其恢复到胚胎状态,这样不仅可以作用于受伤的皮肤,还可能让那些因衰老而秃顶的人长出新毛囊。

直到现在,科学家们一直认为,作为愈合过程的一部分,受损皮肤的疤痕和胶原积累是导致无法再生毛发的原因,Ito说。现在我们知道,这是一个信号问题,在子宫发育阶段,细胞非常活跃,但是成熟的皮肤细胞,随年龄增长变得越来越不活跃。

未经过处理的皮肤中并未观察到毛发生长迹象,相反,通路被激活的皮肤却长出了毛发,这为SHH信号通路在毛发生长背后的作用提供了一个线索。

为避免开启SHH信号通路潜在的肿瘤风险,研究小组只激活了位于皮表下最早出现毛囊根(真皮乳头)处的成纤维细胞,因为已知这些细胞可以指导一些与愈合有关的生物学过程。

在这项实验中,破损皮肤4周即可观察到毛发生长,9周后毛根和毛干结构开始出现。Ito说,她的研究小组计划进一步研究成纤维细胞的化学和遗传刺激物,通过刺激受损皮肤的SHH通路,她的目标是确定可让头发再生的药物靶标。

原始出处:Lim CH, Sun Q, Ratti K, et al. Hedgehog stimulates hair follicle neogenesis by creating inductive dermis during murine skin wound healing. Nat Commun. 2018 Nov 21;9(1):4903.

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    2019-08-26 医者仁心
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    2019-07-10 liuli5079
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    2018-12-07 一天没事干

    很好的学习机会

    0

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    2018-12-02 qindq
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    2018-12-01 kafei

    学习了谢谢

    0

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