JACC:原发性冠状动脉夹层的临床结局及复发风险研究

2017-08-28 MedSci MedSci原创

原发性冠状动脉夹层(SCAD)是心肌梗塞(MI)的重要原因,尤其是年轻女性,但其发病机制尚未阐明。包括复发性SCAD在内的长期心血管疾病在之前的研究中并没有得到充分地报道。近日,在医学权威杂志JACC上面发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员旨在描述复发性SCAD急性发作和长期的心血管事件预后情况,并评估其预测因子。

原发性冠状动脉夹层(SCAD)是心肌梗塞(MI)的重要原因,尤其是年轻女性,但其发病机制尚未阐明。包括复发性SCAD在内的长期心血管疾病在之前的研究中并没有得到充分地报道。近日,在医学权威杂志JACC上面发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员旨在描述复发性SCAD急性发作和长期的心血管事件预后情况,并评估其预测因子。

方法:
研究人员对温哥华综合医院里的327例非动脉粥样硬化性SCAD患者进行了前瞻性随访,以确定基线、发病诱因、血管造影特征、血管重建、药物使用情况、住院情况以及长期的心血管事件。研究人员采用单变量和多变量Cox回归模型对复发性SCAD的临床预测指标进行了测试。

结果:
参与者的平均年龄为52.5±9.6年,其中女性占90.5%(56.9%为绝经后女性)。所有患者出现心肌梗死(MI);25.7%患者有ST段抬高MI,74.3%患者有非ST段抬高MI,8.9%患者有室性心动过速/心室颤动。48.3%患者存在情绪紧张诱发因素,28.1%患者存在身体方面的应激原。62.7%患者有纤维肌发育不良,4.9%患者有结缔组织疾病,11.9%患者有全身炎性疾病。大多数患者(83.1%)最初可以用药物治疗,仅16.5%或2.2%患者分别接受了经皮冠状动脉介入治疗或冠状动脉搭桥手术。大多数SCAD患者在出院时服用阿司匹林和β受体阻滞剂,并进行随访。中位住院天数为3.0天,整体不良事件发生率为7.3%。长期随访中值为3.1年,总体心脏不良事件发生率为19.9%(死亡率为1.2%;复发性心肌梗死:16.8%;卒中/短暂性脑缺血发作:1.2%;血管再生:5.8%)。10.4%的患者发生了复发性SCAD。在多变量模型,复发性SCAD中仅高血压增加(HR:2.46;p=0.011)而β受体阻滞剂的使用量减少(HR:0.36;p=0.004)。

结论:
在这项大型前瞻性随访SCAD队列中,长期心血管事件是常见的。高血压增加了SCAD的复发风险,而β受体阻滞剂治疗似乎具有保护作用。

Jacqueline Saw,Karin Humphries,Eve Aymong,et al. Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Clinical Outcomes and Risk of Recurrence. JACC. 2017 August.

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    2017-12-05 hbwxf
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