Clin Infect Dis:复旦大学研究发现艾滋病病毒储存库有望“缩小”

2018-08-15 孙国根 黄辛 科学网

复旦大学卢洪洲课题组,通过对127例已经接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者进行研究后发现,感染者在治疗前血浆中的加氧环化酶(IDO)活性高低可以预测患者治疗后HIV储存库的大小,活性越高,储存库越大,且在抗病毒治疗后活性较高的患者体内的HIV储存库依然较高。研究成果发表于《临床传染病》(《Clinical Infectious Diseases》)。

复旦大学卢洪洲课题组,通过对127例已经接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者进行研究后发现,感染者在治疗前血浆中的加氧环化酶(IDO)活性高低可以预测患者治疗后HIV储存库的大小,活性越高,储存库越大,且在抗病毒治疗后活性较高的患者体内的HIV储存库依然较高。研究成果发表于《临床传染病》(《Clinical Infectious Diseases》)。

卢洪洲介绍,HIV储存库的存在是根除艾滋病的主要障碍。目前,抗病毒治疗已经能够明显延长HIV感染者的寿命并改善患者的生存质量。但HIV感染者仍然需要终身服药。一旦停药,患者体内的HIV将会反弹。这是因为HIV感染人体以后,病毒整合至人体基因组,在静息的细胞里形成HIV储存库,储存库越大的患者,在停药后病毒反弹所需要的时间越短。目前的治疗手段均无法根除HIV储存库。因此,探索影响HIV储存库大小的因素以及其持续存在的机制一直是国际艾滋病领域的研究热点。

据悉,加氧环化酶是人体内代谢色氨酸(一种人体必需氨基酸)的一种关键酶,但是它的代谢产物也有很强的免疫抑制作用,越来越多的研究显示,许多疾病,包括肿瘤、HIV感染等可能正是利用了这个酶创造了适宜疾病发展的免疫微环境。研究人员发现,HIV感染者的加氧环化酶活性比健康人明显升高,且在长期接受抗病毒治疗后仍然无法下降到健康人的水平;进一步研究(127例已接受抗病毒治疗的感染者的研究数据显示)发现,该酶可能参与了HIV储存库的维持。

“下一步的研究如果证实该酶参与HIV储存库的维持确有因果关系,并在HIV维持储存库的大小中发挥重要作用,那么针对这个酶的药物将有可能减小病毒储存库。”卢洪洲说:“去年底,已经上市的免疫治疗PD-1抑制剂可以显著降低HIV存储库大小。如HIV储存库缩小到越低的水平,患者就可以有越长的停药时间,且保证病毒不反弹;如缩小到很低的水平,患者就不再需要服药,即已实现功能性治愈。接下来,我们将继续就其机制展开更深入的研究,以找到HIV免疫治疗的新靶标,让患者从中获益。”

原始出处:

Jun Chen, Jingna Xun, Junyang Yang, et.al. Plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity is associated with the size of HIV reservoir in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy . Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciy676, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy676

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    2018-08-16 saikp
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    2018-08-16 易水河

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