PLOS MED:结果为阴性——阿司匹林预防复发性自发性早产的有效性评估

2022-02-06 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

低剂量阿司匹林并没有显著降低曾有过自然早产的妇女的早产率。

全世界每年约有1500万例早产,占所有活产的9%-12%。早产的并发症是围产期死亡和5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。存活下来的新生儿患多种短期和长期病症的风险增加,如神经发育和认知障碍。

大约65%的早产儿是在宫缩或胎膜破裂后自发发病的。自发性早产最强的风险因素是以前的自发性早产,单胎妊娠的复发率高达30%-35%。即使采取了黄体酮等预防措施,许多妇女在以后的妊娠中仍会再次早产。因此,迫切需要更多的预防策略。

为了评估低剂量阿司匹林与安慰剂相比在预防曾有自发性早产的妇女的早产方面的有效性,来自荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学医学院妇产科的专家开展了一项平行的多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的试验(APRIL研究)。结果发表在近期PLOS Medicine杂志上。

该研究在荷兰的8家三级医院和26家二级医院进行。纳入了单胎妊娠和22-37周之间有单胎自发早产史的妇女。参与者被随机分配到每天80mg的阿司匹林或安慰剂,从妊娠8至16周开始,持续到36周或分娩。

从2016年5月31日至2019年6月13日,406名妇女被随机分配到阿司匹林(n = 204)或安慰剂(n = 202)治疗。共有387名妇女(81.1%为白种人,平均年龄32.5±SD 3.8)被纳入最终分析:194名妇女被分配到阿司匹林,193名被分配到安慰剂。

总的来说,阿司匹林组有41名(21.2%)妇女发生<37周的早产,安慰剂组有49名(25.4%),两组风险没有明显差异(相对风险(RR)=0.83,95%CI:0.58-1.20,P = 0.32)。在用药依从性≥80%的妇女中,有24名(19.2%)与30名(24.8%)妇女发生早产,仍无差异(RR= 0.77,95% CI 0.48至1.25,P = 0.29)。

早产累积发生率的Kaplan-Meier曲线

新生儿不良结局在两组复合率分别为4.6%(n = 9)与2.6%(n = 5)(RR=1.79,95% CI 0.61至5.25,p = 0.29)。在所有的随机妇女中,分配到阿司匹林的204名妇女中有11人(5.4%)发生了严重不良事件,分配到安慰剂的202名妇女中有11人(5.4%)发生了严重不良事件。

综上,在这项研究中,我们观察到,低剂量阿司匹林并没有显著降低曾有过自然早产的妇女的早产率。

 

参考文献:

Evaluation of low-dose aspirin in the prevention of recurrent spontaneous preterm labour (the APRIL study): A multicentre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003892

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    2022-04-12 hb2008ye
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    2022-03-15 ms5000001014718114

    学习了

    0

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    2022-03-10 医者仁者
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    2022-02-25 风不会停息

    真好

    0

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    2022-02-07 ms8000002131411968

    阴性结果的发表,学习了

    0

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    2022-02-07 sodoo
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    2022-02-07 zhouqu_8

    #Med#

    0

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    2022-02-06 屋顶瞄爱赏月

    学习了

    0

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本研究为健康老年人使用阿司匹林后的长期MACE和出血情况提供新证据,表明阿司匹林对MACE无长期益处,试验后初始分配到阿司匹林组的参与者MACE发生率更高,整个随访期间该组大出血风险升高。