盘点:阿尔茨海默症近期研究新进展汇总

2019-02-18 不详 网络

【1】脑细胞酸碱不平衡可导致阿尔茨海默症https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=999a145956f4阿尔茨海默病是老年痴呆症的最常见原因。 大多数病例是偶然发生的,40-65%的患者携带至少一份载脂蛋白E的E4等位基因。由于至今为止没有可以阻止疾病进展的药物,因此人们对了解内体对于症状前期的作用非常感兴趣。最近,来自约翰霍普金斯大学

【1】脑细胞酸碱不平衡可导致阿尔茨海默症

阿尔茨海默病是老年痴呆症的最常见原因。 大多数病例是偶然发生的,40-65%的患者携带至少一份载脂蛋白E的E4等位基因。由于至今为止没有可以阻止疾病进展的药物,因此人们对了解内体对于症状前期的作用非常感兴趣。最近,来自约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的研究人员发现,ApoE4星形胶质细胞中过度的内体酸化是由Na + / H +交换剂NHE6的下调引起的,并且通过LRP1受体的细胞内螯合导致淀粉样蛋白β(Aβ)肽的清除缺陷。表观遗传修饰因子恢复NHE6的表达以碱化内体pH,增加LRP1的表面表达,可以纠正星形胶质细胞中的Aβ清除缺陷。因此,内体pH可以作为校正淀粉样蛋白病症的潜在靶标。

【2】睡眠不足,阿尔茨海默症风险或升高


长期以来,睡眠不足一直被认为与阿尔茨海默症有关,但研究人员对睡眠不足如何导致这种疾病却知之甚少。此前已有研究证明,睡眠问题和阿尔茨海默症在一定程度上与该疾病的标志蛋白质β淀粉样蛋白相关。美国华盛顿大学医学院(WUSM)最新的一项研究发现,睡眠不足会增加阿尔茨海默症另一标志蛋白tau蛋白的水平,并且随着时间的推移加速其扩散。

【3】3种示踪剂有助诊断阿尔茨海默症


阿尔茨海默症的特征在于大脑中出现两种异常的蛋白质结构,即Tau蛋白形成的淀粉样斑块和缠结纤维。目前,该疾病研究面临的一大挑战就是无法实时观察这些结构的发展。作为一种比较先进的临床检查影像技术,PET对阿尔茨海默症等脑部疾病的诊治具有重要价值,而开发效果优异的示踪剂,可使这一检查手段更精确,从而帮助推动疾病诊治效果。美国约翰霍普金斯大学一项新研究中,研究人员测试了大约550个潜在的示踪剂分子,最终确定了3个最有前途的——C-RO-963、C-RO-643和F-18 RO948,并将其作为Tau蛋白PET放射性药物候选,在阿尔茨海默症患者和健康志愿者中进行了测试。结果显示,这些示踪剂基本不会在健康志愿者大脑中残留,但却能增强阿尔茨海默症患者大脑PET成像效果,标注出不同患者的Tau蛋白范围,并显示出淀粉样蛋白和Tau蛋白在区域模式上的差异。而对F-18 RO948的进一步研究表明,该示踪剂不会随机与其他组织结合,相比目前使用的Tau蛋白示踪剂F-18 AV1451,其能更清晰地对人脑中的Tau蛋白负荷进行量化。该研究提供了一种很有前途的诊断工具,对解决这种疾病的诊治难题具有重要意义。

【4】新型标志物或提早16年检出阿尔茨海默症

目前仍无法有效治疗阿尔茨海默症,一定程度上是因为症状出现时,患者的神经元已经死亡。为了开发更好的治疗方法,研究人员需要更可靠的方法,以在症状出现之前来监测及预测疾病的进程。从这一点来说,血液检测比昂贵的脑部扫描更适合常规临床应用。来自美国华盛顿大学放射学助理教授Brian Gordon及合作团队检测了近250名携带阿尔茨海默氏症风险等位基因的人以及近160名没有携带这种变异的亲属。发现那些有患病风险的人在发病早期蛋白质水平较高,血液和脊髓液中的NfL水平在患者开始出现神经退行性病变之前就已经开始上升,比发病早了16年多。通过更密切地检查一部分患者,研究小组发现,NfL的增长速度与大脑中一个叫做楔前叶的区域的萎缩有关,并且NfL水平快速上升的患者在认知测试中的表现更差。研究结果指出,tau蛋白和淀粉样蛋白的血液水平,与大脑中tau蛋白的累积量以及海马体积等神经退行性变的其他标志物有关。这也意味着,NfL血液水平的变化可以预测脑损伤和疾病的发展和进程。

【5】控制血压能降低阿尔茨海默症风险

近期,一项超过9000人的收缩压干预试验的分支试验给出了一份数据:科学家们发现,试验中将血压降至120(收缩压)的人患轻度认知障碍的可能性降低了19%。SPRINT是一项由美国国家心脏、肺、血液研究所主导,NIH基金参与的大型临床研究项目,旨在强化血压降低血管和肾脏疾病。纳入50岁以上、血管疾病风险较高的成年人,旨在强化血压控制是否也能降低患阿尔茨海默症和认知障碍的风险。研究人员评估了超过9300名高血压患者的精神状态,平均年龄为68岁。参与者接受治疗,以维持收缩压低于140mm Hg或低于120mm Hg。结果发现,在被诊断为阿尔茨海默症的参与者中,标准治疗和强化治疗在统计学上没有显著差异。然而,这项研究中的阿尔茨海默症病例比预期的要少。另外,强化治疗降低了轻度认知障碍的风险以及轻度认知障碍与阿尔茨海默症的综合风险。未来,SPRINT MIND试验将延长随访时间两年,以进一步研究这种治疗对降低阿尔茨海默症风险的影响。

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816899, encodeId=d0291816899c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17b59e77626' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=16, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97776, encryptionId=17b59e77626, topicName=阿尔茨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Bnia2EtH2IvyBtniaWHPQOYAicsN3IAL1ZuPV7qyALcdCiawRJdEiafMxWTxzERQW7eeKg8HfCKCRK2CJicy073C4RJg/132, createdBy=464b2500186, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Feb 28 15:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1817922, encodeId=515e181e922db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c9f9e777ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97777, encryptionId=4c9f9e777ac, topicName=阿尔茨海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Mar 09 21:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1470276, encodeId=609b14e027607, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45a79e7788c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97778, encryptionId=45a79e7788c, topicName=阿尔茨海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c5917090900, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Wed Feb 20 10:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360957, encodeId=400a36095e0f, content=向科研人员致敬!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e5171668917, createdName=坚强007, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:47:26 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360956, encodeId=a1fb36095615, content=谢谢分享学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:43:51 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816899, encodeId=d0291816899c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17b59e77626' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=16, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97776, encryptionId=17b59e77626, topicName=阿尔茨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Bnia2EtH2IvyBtniaWHPQOYAicsN3IAL1ZuPV7qyALcdCiawRJdEiafMxWTxzERQW7eeKg8HfCKCRK2CJicy073C4RJg/132, createdBy=464b2500186, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Feb 28 15:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1817922, encodeId=515e181e922db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c9f9e777ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97777, encryptionId=4c9f9e777ac, topicName=阿尔茨海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Mar 09 21:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1470276, encodeId=609b14e027607, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45a79e7788c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97778, encryptionId=45a79e7788c, topicName=阿尔茨海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c5917090900, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Wed Feb 20 10:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360957, encodeId=400a36095e0f, content=向科研人员致敬!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e5171668917, createdName=坚强007, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:47:26 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360956, encodeId=a1fb36095615, content=谢谢分享学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:43:51 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816899, encodeId=d0291816899c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17b59e77626' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=16, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97776, encryptionId=17b59e77626, topicName=阿尔茨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Bnia2EtH2IvyBtniaWHPQOYAicsN3IAL1ZuPV7qyALcdCiawRJdEiafMxWTxzERQW7eeKg8HfCKCRK2CJicy073C4RJg/132, createdBy=464b2500186, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Feb 28 15:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1817922, encodeId=515e181e922db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c9f9e777ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97777, encryptionId=4c9f9e777ac, topicName=阿尔茨海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Mar 09 21:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1470276, encodeId=609b14e027607, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45a79e7788c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97778, encryptionId=45a79e7788c, topicName=阿尔茨海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c5917090900, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Wed Feb 20 10:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360957, encodeId=400a36095e0f, content=向科研人员致敬!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e5171668917, createdName=坚强007, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:47:26 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360956, encodeId=a1fb36095615, content=谢谢分享学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:43:51 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816899, encodeId=d0291816899c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17b59e77626' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=16, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97776, encryptionId=17b59e77626, topicName=阿尔茨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Bnia2EtH2IvyBtniaWHPQOYAicsN3IAL1ZuPV7qyALcdCiawRJdEiafMxWTxzERQW7eeKg8HfCKCRK2CJicy073C4RJg/132, createdBy=464b2500186, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Feb 28 15:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1817922, encodeId=515e181e922db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c9f9e777ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97777, encryptionId=4c9f9e777ac, topicName=阿尔茨海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Mar 09 21:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1470276, encodeId=609b14e027607, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45a79e7788c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97778, encryptionId=45a79e7788c, topicName=阿尔茨海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c5917090900, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Wed Feb 20 10:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360957, encodeId=400a36095e0f, content=向科研人员致敬!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e5171668917, createdName=坚强007, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:47:26 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360956, encodeId=a1fb36095615, content=谢谢分享学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:43:51 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-02-18 坚强007

    向科研人员致敬!!!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816899, encodeId=d0291816899c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17b59e77626' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=16, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97776, encryptionId=17b59e77626, topicName=阿尔茨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Bnia2EtH2IvyBtniaWHPQOYAicsN3IAL1ZuPV7qyALcdCiawRJdEiafMxWTxzERQW7eeKg8HfCKCRK2CJicy073C4RJg/132, createdBy=464b2500186, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Feb 28 15:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1817922, encodeId=515e181e922db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c9f9e777ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97777, encryptionId=4c9f9e777ac, topicName=阿尔茨海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Mar 09 21:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1470276, encodeId=609b14e027607, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45a79e7788c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97778, encryptionId=45a79e7788c, topicName=阿尔茨海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c5917090900, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Wed Feb 20 10:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360957, encodeId=400a36095e0f, content=向科研人员致敬!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e5171668917, createdName=坚强007, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:47:26 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360956, encodeId=a1fb36095615, content=谢谢分享学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Mon Feb 18 19:43:51 CST 2019, time=2019-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-02-18 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习

    0