Blood:抑制D因子可阻断新冠病毒棘突蛋白引起的补体激活!

2020-09-13 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

重度急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)是一种高传染性的呼吸道病毒,可导致静脉/动脉血栓栓塞、卒中、肾衰竭、心肌梗死、血小板减少症和其他终末器官损伤。

重度急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)是一种高传染性的呼吸道病毒,可导致静脉/动脉血栓栓塞、卒中、肾衰竭、心肌梗死、血小板减少症和其他终末器官损伤。根据C3缺陷性小鼠模型中的终末器官保护作用,加上人体内补体激活的证据,研究人员得到这样一个猜测:SARS-CoV-2可触发补体介导的内皮细胞损伤,但机制不明。

在本研究中,研究人员证实SARS-CoV-2的棘突蛋白(1和2亚单位),而非N蛋白,可直接激活补体的替代途径(APC)。利用改良的Ham试验,补体依赖性的杀伤作用可被C5或D因子抑制所阻断。

SARS-CoV-2的棘突蛋白1亚单位(S1)、棘突蛋白2亚单位(S2)和HCoV-OC43的S蛋白均能增加C5-9b的沉积, 但SARS-CoV-2的核衣壳(N)蛋白不能

C3片段和C5b-9沉积在TF1PIGAnull靶细胞上,补体因子Bb在棘突蛋白处理的细胞的上清液中的量增多。C5抑制可阻断C5b-9在细胞上的积累,但不能阻断C3c的积累;但D因子抑制可同时阻断C3c和C5b-9的积累。添加H因子可减轻补体攻击。

COVID-19的模拟图

总之,SARS-CoV-2的棘突蛋白是通过抑制细胞表面的APC转化酶失活将非激活表面转化为激活表面。APC激活或可解释COVID-19患者的很多临床表现(微血管病变、血小板减少症、肾损伤和血栓形成倾向),这些症状也见于其他补体驱动的疾病,如非典型溶血尿毒综合征和灾难性抗磷脂抗体综合征。C5抑制可阻止C5b-9的积累,但不能阻断SARS-CoV-2棘突蛋白引起的上游补体激活。

原始出处:

Jia Yu, et al. Direct activation of the alternative complement pathway by SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins is blocked by factor D inhibition. Blood. September 02, 2020.

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    2020-09-14 ms7000001505175733

    学习

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    2020-09-14 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-09-13 12038f64m02暂无昵称

    学习

    0

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