Nutrition:多学科讨论:吃巧克力能降低心脑血管风险?!这个可以有

2017-11-06 吴星 环球医学

据最新流行病学更新,心血管疾病(CVD)是欧洲最常见的死因(全部死亡的45%)。CVD是一组具有异质性且复杂的疾病,包括脑血管疾病(卒中)、心肌梗死和冠心病(CHD)。2017年9月,发表在《British Journal of Surgery》的一项巧克力摄入和心脑血管风险的系统评价和Meta分析,考察了巧克力摄入与普通人群心脑血管风险之间的相关性。

据最新流行病学更新,心血管疾病(CVD)是欧洲最常见的死因(全部死亡的45%)。CVD是一组具有异质性且复杂的疾病,包括脑血管疾病(卒中)、心肌梗死和冠心病(CHD)。2017年9月,发表在《Nutrition》的一项巧克力摄入和心脑血管风险的系统评价和Meta分析,考察了巧克力摄入与普通人群心脑血管风险之间的相关性。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——

目的:进行一项文献的系统评价和Meta分析评估巧克力摄入与普通人群心脑血管风险之间的相关性。

方法:使用预先确定的关键词在Pubmed上进行了文献的结构化检索,截至2016年9月26日。纳入评估不同巧克力摄入率的心血管疾病风险(即,卒中、急性心肌梗死心衰、冠心病)的流行病学研究。使用ProMeta3软件进行Meta分析。

结果:纳入16项符合要求的研究进行系统评价。多数研究表明,与不吃巧克力者相比,吃巧克力者具有心血管保护作用。最高vs最低巧克力摄入量的心血管疾病的总体风险比(效应大小:ES)为0.77(95% CI,0.71~0.84;P=0.000),各研究的异质性为中等。研究者对心血管疾病亚组相关的风险进行了进一步的分析,尤其是心肌梗死:ES=0.78(95% CI=0.64~0.94;P=0.009),无统计学异质性(I2=46.56%;P=0.13)。此外,基于性别的分析显示,女性的ES=0.85(95% CI 0.77~0.95;P=0.003),异质性非常低(I2=62.21%;P=0.005)。

结论:本Meta分析的结果表明,中等摄入巧克力对心血管风险具有潜在的保护作用,尤其对于女性和对于心肌梗死患者。

多学科讨论记实:

本Meta分析显示,吃巧克力与心血管疾病风险显着降低相关(29%)。具体而言,AMI风险降低22%,卒中降低30%,HF降低17%,CHD降低47%。两项研究进一步讲卒中分类为脑梗死和出血性卒中,但由于评估这两类卒中之间差异的研究的数量较少,不可能在此Meta分析中分析相对风险。然而,Larsson et al. 在2011年和2012年在一个多变量模型中发现,女性中巧克力摄入增加50 g/周后脑梗死的相对风险(RR)为0.88(95% CI 0.54~0.99),男性中为0.83(95% CI 0.69~1.01),而女性和男性中出血性卒中的RR分别为0.73(95% CI 0.54~0.99)和0.84(95% CI 0.56~1.25)。此外,Djousse et al. 2011年也评估了吃巧克力与高血压风险之间的相关性。尽管他们比较了巧克力摄入的最低和最高范畴(超过5份/周),校正比值比(OR)为1.00(95% CI 0.81~1.53)。本Meta分析证实了既往另一项Meta分析获得的结果——吃巧克力与心血管疾病风险降低37%、卒中风险降低29%和糖尿病风险降低31%相关。大部分纳入研究报告了校正潜在混杂因素(包括年龄、体育活动、身体质量指数[BMI]、是否吸烟、饮食因素、教育程度和药物使用)后,与更高水平巧克力摄入相关的心血管疾病风险的显着降低。

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    2017-11-09 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

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5月23日在线发表于《Heart》杂志的一项研究显示,合理食用巧克力或能减少新发房颤(AF)的发生。

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研究人员发现,定期摄入巧克力可能与不规则心房颤动的风险低有关,该研究在线发表于BMJ旗下的Heart期刊中。研究建议,女性1周摄入1次巧克力,男性1周摄入2到6次,这样的频率与房颤低风险的相关性最强。在全世界,房颤影响着超过3300万人,每4个成年人中就有1个可能会遭遇房颤。造成房颤的原因仍不清楚,但当前不能治愈也无法预防。考虑到定期的巧克力摄入,尤其是黑巧克力,可能会改善心脏健康的各项指标,研究

Heart:巧克力能抵御心律不齐吗?!

对于爱吃巧克力的人来说这是个甜蜜的消息:最新研究表明,巧克力可以帮助避免非常危险的心律不齐的发生。这项在丹麦超过55,000人中开展的研究发现,那些喜欢吃巧克力的人更不易于发生房颤,一种引发卒中风险的心律不齐。研究追踪了这些人长达超过13年的身体健康状况,这段时间中,有多于3,300起房颤事件发生。研究的目的并不是去证明引起心率不齐的原因和影响。然而,与那些每月吃巧克力不足1盎司的人相比,每月吃1

向肥胖宣战!NHS医院全面禁售超大包装巧克力

世界卫生组织(WHO)早前给出的数据显示,2030年欧洲将面临人口肥胖危机,到时许多欧洲国家会有超过半数的成年人口体重超标。英国更是“重灾区”,有分析指出,到2030年,英国约有1/3的妇女过胖,3/4的男性超重。

Heart:定期食用巧克力或能降低心脏病风险

全世界超过3300万人患有心房颤动,四分之一的成年人在一生中的某个时刻可能会发生房颤。目前还不清楚具体病因,也没有有效的防治方法。许多研究都表明,日常巧克力消费,特别是黑巧克力的消费与心脏健康的改善密切相关,因此,研究人员希望观察巧克力是否也可能与心房颤动风险降低有关。他们调查了55,502名年龄介于50至64岁之间的参与者(26,400名男性和29,100名女性)。参与者提供了他们通常每周巧克力

Nutrients:武汉大学研究称,适量吃巧克力可预防心脑血管病

关于巧克力在预防心血管病方面的作用,目前各个研究得出的研究并不一致。