Hypertension:幼年生活因素和血压变化轨迹与成人早期高血压有关

2019-02-15 国际循环编辑部 国际循环

围生期和婴儿期的多种危险因素与高血压密切相关。近期,发表于Hypertention杂志的一项研究对生命早期相关危险因素与成年高血压的关系进行分析。

围生期和婴儿期的多种危险因素与高血压密切相关。近期,发表于Hypertention杂志的一项研究对生命早期相关危险因素与成年高血压的关系进行分析。

研究在南非某城市BT20(出生至20岁)队列研究的基础上展开。BT20队列研究结果显示,南非某地各个年龄段人群的高血压发病率并不相同,从5岁时的22.4%到18岁时的34.9%不等。研究人员试图确定23岁人口中高血压的流行病学情况,并分析这是否与母亲孕期、幼年生活因素以及儿童青少年血压发展轨迹有关。研究人员纳入BT20队列研究中23岁的受试者进行血压和人体测量(n=1540;49%为男性)。幼年生活因素和母亲孕期相关因素的资料已通过先前整理的数据获得。分析结果显示,23岁的受试人群中高血压比例为36%,其中63%为男性(P<0.001)。高血压与母亲孕期或幼年生活因素呈现的唯一关联是从出生至2岁期间,相关性趋势呈现显著线性增长,高血压风险增加19%(OR=1.19;95%CI:1.01~1.41)。与男性相比,女性高血压风险降低77%(OR=0.23;95%CI:0.16~0.34)。

收缩压和舒张压处于最高发展轨迹的受试者(即血压早期即出现升高并呈现持续升高趋势)在成年早期高血压风险显著增加。与普通人群相比,处于收缩期最高轨道的人群高血压风险上升4倍,处于舒张期最高轨迹的人群高血压风险则会增加5倍。研究人员认为,上述发现表明,成年早期高血压风险可能与童年和青春期的某些因素具有相关性。

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