Stroke:复旦大学华山医院研究,神经丝轻链可反映脑小血管疾病的严重程度

2021-02-04 Freeman MedSci原创 发表于威斯康星

复旦大学华山医院研究,神经丝轻链可反映脑小血管疾病的严重程度

 

脑小血管病(CSVD)是一种常见的异质性疾病,影响大脑中源于蛛网膜下腔或大的腔内动脉循环的小脑膜和腔内动脉、动脉、毛细血管和静脉。神经影像学CSVD标志物包括小的皮质下梗死、裂隙性梗死(LIs)、高白质信号病变(WMHs)、扩大的血管周围空间、脑微出血(CMBs)和脑萎缩。

由于CSVD具有常见的微血管病理、弥漫性,以及其病变类型的不同进展,最近被认为是一种动态的全脑疾病。此外,它已被确认为脑卒中的常见病因和血管性认知障碍的主要亚型。磁共振成像(MRI)作为监测CSVD动态变化和进展的最有效方法之一,但它有几个局限性,它昂贵、耗时、不适合有禁忌症的患者。利用MRI对CSVD的纵向追踪和早期干预,因其在许多基层医疗中心无法使用而受到限制。


神经丝轻链(NfL)是轴突细胞骨架的主要中间成分,提供机械支持并调节轴突大小。在轴突损伤过程中,它被释放到细胞外空间,随后进入脑脊液(CSF)和血液中;因此,它是皮质下大口径(large-caliber)轴突变性和神经元损伤的潜在标志物。患者血液和CSF中NfL水平的增加,表明其在各种急慢性神经系统疾病中,如阿尔茨海默病、额颞部痴呆、多发性巩膜病和脑外伤等,可作为神经退行性神经轴索损伤的非特异性预测或诊断生物标志物。

由于腰椎穿刺是一种侵入性手术,监测CSF NfL水平的纵向变化很少,也没有系统地进行。因此,与影像学检查相比,血浆NfL的测量被认为是一种方便且相对无创的工具,可以以较低的成本提供中枢神经系统神经元损伤的有效信息。最近的研究已经验证了NfL作为CSVD MRI标志物的血液生物标志物,提示NfL在CSVD监测中的潜在作用。


因此,复旦大学附属华山医院神经内科的郁金泰教授团队,利用著名的Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)探究了NfL和SVD之间的关系。

他们纳入了ADNI数据库中496名非痴呆参与者。所有参与者都进行了血浆NfL测量和3.0-Tesla脑磁共振成像;387名(78.0%)进行了纵向测量。测量了脑部微出血、腔隙性梗死和体积性白质超强的数量,以及Fazekas评分。使用多变量调整模型评估CSVD负担和NfL水平之间的横断面和纵向关联。

结果显示:血浆NfL在CSVD负担中较高。基线时,中重度CSVD负担组的血浆NfL(45.2±16.0pg/mL)高于非负担组。NfL与脑微出血(OR=1.29)、腔隙性梗(OR=1.43)和中重度WMH(OR=1.67 )呈正相关。

从纵向来看,较高的NfL变化率可以预测更多的CSVD负担进展(OR=1.38)、WMH
(OR=1.41 )和腔隙性梗死(OR=1.99)。

这个研究的重要意义在于,发现了血浆NfL水平是一种有价值的无创性生物标志物,可作为磁共振成像扫描的补充,并可能反映CSVD负担的严重程度。此外,高血浆NfL水平往往代表CSVD风险的增加,NfL水平的动态增加可能预测CSVD的更大进展。

原文出处:

Association of Plasma Neurofilament Light With Small Vessel Disease Burden in Nondemented Elderly, A Longitudinal Study
Yi Qu, Chen-Chen Tan, Xue-Ning Shen, Hong-Qi Li, Mei Cui, Lan Tan, Qiang Dong, Jin-Tai Yu, on behalf of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative† Stroke

 
 
 
 

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    2021-02-05 saikp

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