院士牵头!超10万国人的研究显示:喝茶能降低心血管病死亡风险

2020-01-14 中国生物技术网 中国生物技术网

红茶?绿茶?普洱茶?你最爱的是哪款?



茶是全球最受欢迎的饮料之一,它具有多项潜在益处,尤其是对动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)的潜在益处已引起了公众和研究人员的极大关注。来自其他国家的流行病学研究表明,喝茶与降低心血管疾病和全因死亡率的风险有关。然而,由于不同的茶文化、生活方式以及疾病谱,导致研究结论可能不适用于中国人。

北京时间1月9日,发表在欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)期刊《欧洲预防心脏病学杂志》上的一项研究中,来自中国医学科学院北京协和医学的研究团队表明,每周至少喝三次茶与更健康和更长的预期寿命有关。



研究第一作者、北京协和医学院流行病学研究室王欣妍博士说:“我们发现,习惯性喝茶与心血管疾病和全因死亡的风险较低有关。对于喝绿茶和保持长期喝茶习惯的人来说,这种有益健康的影响最为明显。”

该团队自1998年以来,从中国15个省份的中国ASCVD风险预测项目(China-PAR)中招募了100902名普通中国成年人作为研究对象。这些参与者没有心脏病、中风或癌症病史。他们被分为两组:习惯性饮茶组(每周三次以上),和从不或非习惯性饮茶组(每周饮茶少于三次)。

在习惯性茶饮组中,有49.0%的人最常喝绿茶,8.0%的人常喝红茶,其余43.0%的人则喜欢花茶或其他类型的茶。

在平均7.3年的随访期间,该团队记录了3683次动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病事件、1477次动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病死亡和5479次全因死亡。

分析显示,习惯性饮茶与更健康的寿命和更长的预期寿命有关。例如,50岁的习惯性饮茶的人与从未饮茶或非习惯性饮茶的人相比,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病和中风的可能性会延迟1.41年,预期寿命要长1.26年。


图片来源:《欧洲预防心脏病学杂志》

与从未饮茶或非习惯性饮茶的人相比,习惯性饮茶的人突发心脏病和中风的风险降低了20%,致命性心脏病和中风风险降低了22%,全因死亡的风险降低了15%。


图片来源:《欧洲预防心脏病学杂志》

研究人员还对14081名参与者的饮茶行为变化的潜在影响进行了分析,并在两个时间点进行了评估。两次调查的平均持续时间为8.2年,第二次调查后的中位随访时间为5.3年。

结果发现,与从不饮茶或非习惯饮茶的人相比,在两次调查中都保持饮茶习惯的人突发心脏病和中风的风险降低了39%,致命性心脏病和中风的风险降低了56%,全因死亡的风险降低了29%。

该研究通讯作者、中国科学院院士、中国医学科学院北京协和医学院附属国家心血管病研究中心阜外医院心血管流行病学重点实验室主任顾东风院士说:“茶的保护作用在习惯性饮茶的人群中最为明显。机理研究表明,茶叶中的主要生物活性化合物,即多酚,不会在体内长期储存。因此,长时间频繁饮茶可能对于心脏的保护作用是必要的。”

在按照茶叶类型进行的子分析发现,饮用绿茶与心脏病、中风、致命性心脏病以及全因死亡的风险降低约25%有关。然而,未观察到与红茶有明显的联系。

顾院士说:“对绿茶的偏爱是东亚人独有的。在我们的研究人群中,49%的习惯性饮茶者最常喝的是绿茶,只有8%的人更喜欢红茶。习惯喝红茶的人所占的比例很小,这可能会使我们很难观察到两者之间的紧密联系,但我们的发现暗示了茶类型之间的差异作用。”

可能有两个因素在起作用。首先,绿茶富含多酚,可以预防心血管疾病及其风险因素,包括高血压和血脂异常。红茶是完全发酵的,在这个过程中,多酚被氧化成色素,可能会失去其抗氧化的作用。其次,红茶常与牛奶一起饮用。此前的研究表明,这可能会抵消茶对血管功能的有益影响。

根据性别进行的分析显示,对于男性来说,习惯性饮茶的保护作用在不同的结果中都是非常显著的,但对女性的保护作用却相对有限。

王博士说:“一个原因可能是48%的男性习惯喝茶,而女性只有20%。其次,女性心脏病和中风的发病率和死亡率要低得多。这些差异可能会在男性中找到具有统计学意义的结果。”

她补充说:“China-PAR项目正在进行中,随着对女性进行更多人年的随访,这种关联可能会变得更加明显。”

该团队的最终结论是,随机试验是有必要的,以证实这些发现,并为饮食指南和生活方式建议提供证据。


来源:中国生物技术网

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    2020-01-16 hbwxf
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    2020-01-14 西畬

    Moregreentea.

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1644823, encodeId=9c231644823d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e3eb89e17fb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89717, encryptionId=e3eb89e17fb, topicName=血管病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=64bb23195917, createdName=Luyuxie_17, createdTime=Mon Nov 23 04:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255937, encodeId=b3ac125593ecd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=587f6339050' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#死亡风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63390, encryptionId=587f6339050, topicName=死亡风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Thu Jan 16 01:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1402391, encodeId=990b140239137, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=862e8e196a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#茶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87196, encryptionId=862e8e196a1, topicName=茶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/eTyQ1TyLVfyaGrflWSd1Jw4u1F68ibicmN32DE38FjEW3zTIKeFeaMUAQsjyqaL4QZ3lRibFIzziacMz9niceznOTTw/132, createdBy=03082405249, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Thu Jan 16 01:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=378140, encodeId=3d7b3e8140d7, content=Moregreentea., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJagx61lPStBMOzic3pcMtDVQTOXjI3KsJg2G3yhIic0ywS62XwJWa7Zn9pk2839lRu378CqmPPlpJA/132, createdBy=63aa5264717, createdName=西畬, createdTime=Tue Jan 14 14:00:06 CST 2020, time=2020-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1049164, encodeId=f924104916443, content=院士是学术至高点,也是大家必争之地呀, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Tue Jan 14 13:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-01-14 junJUN

    院士是学术至高点,也是大家必争之地呀

    0

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