Stroke |长海刘建民教授:血管内血栓切除术后如何进行中风出血转化预测?

2021-12-10 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

sICH的独立预测因素是基线NIHSS评分和入院时的葡萄糖水平。

出血性转化(HT)是指急性缺血性卒中血管恢复血流灌注时发生的脑内出血,是缺血性卒中的常见并发症之一。HT包括自发性出血和治疗后发生的出血,其发生率因研究入选标准而异,范围为0.6%~85%。欧洲急性卒中协作研究Ⅱ将HT分为出血性梗死(HI)和脑实质血肿(PH)。

之前的研究已经调查了出血性转化(HT)的临床和影像学因素,特别是症状性颅内出血(sICH);然而,阿替普酶是否会增加血管内血栓切除术(EVT)后的HT风险尚不清楚。

为了评估使用和不使用静脉注射阿替普酶,EVT后急性缺血性卒中患者的HT、sICH和实质血肿(PH)相关的临床和影像学特征,来自上海长海医院神经外科的刘建民坚守团队继续在DIRECT-MT试验中进行了分析,结果发表在Stroke杂志上。

DIRECT-MT试验是一项单纯EVT与静脉溶栓联合EVT的随机试验。随访的计算机断层扫描对HT、sICH和PH进行了评估。采用多变量序数逻辑回归分析来检验逐步选择的决定因素与HT、sICH和PH的关系。

结果总共分析了633名患者;261人(41.2%)有HT;34人(5.4%)有sICH;85人(13.4%)有PH。年龄中位数为69岁,56.7%为男性。美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)的中位数是18,其中320名患者属于联合治疗组。

总的来说,症状性颅内出血与较高的NIHSS评分有关(OR=1.06;95% CI,1.10-1.12)和入院时的葡萄糖水平较高(OR=1.14;95% CI,1.00-1.29)有关。但并没有发现阿替普酶治疗与HT、sICH或PH之间的关系。

sICH的独立预测因素是在单纯EVT组中基线较高的NIHSS评分(OR=1.09;95% CI,1.01-1.18),以及抗凝血药物史(OR=3.75;95% CI, 1.07-13.06),联合治疗组在到达医院时有较高的葡萄糖水平(OR=1.19 [95% CI, 1.03-1.38)。

综上,在DIRECT-MT中,sICH的独立预测因素是基线NIHSS评分和入院时的葡萄糖水平。阿替普酶治疗并没有增加EVT后HT、sICH或PH的风险。sICH的独立预测因素在单纯EVT组和联合治疗组有所不同。

 

参考文献:

Clinical and Imaging Indicators of Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Endovascular Thrombectomy. Stroke. 2021;0:STROKEAHA.121.035425. Https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.035425.

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