Cancer:儿童癌症幸存者更易出现心理问题

2018-03-10 肿瘤资讯编辑部 肿瘤资讯

随着儿童癌症治愈率的提高,儿童癌症幸存者越来越多。近期发布在《Cancer》杂志的一项来自加拿大的最新研究显示,相比于正常人群,儿童癌症幸存者接受心理健康咨询的可能性更大,且更有可能出现严重的心理问题。

随着儿童癌症治愈率的提高,儿童癌症幸存者越来越多。近期发布在《Cancer》杂志的一项来自加拿大的最新研究显示,相比于正常人群,儿童癌症幸存者接受心理健康咨询的可能性更大,且更有可能出现严重的心理问题。

研究的主要作者,来自加拿大多伦多病童医院的Paul C. Nathan博士介绍到:“在过去几十年,越来越多的研究显示儿童和成人癌症幸存者面临着长期的身体问题,也就是通常所说的癌症引发的远期副作用,这一点已经引发了我们的关注。而近期发表的这一文章强调了癌症幸存者同时面临心理健康问题,且在很多癌症幸存者中,这些心理问题和治疗导致的身体上的远期副作用一样,同样会严重影响他们的生活。” 

在这一研究中,Nathan博士团队利用安大略登记处和行政卫生数据库的数据,统计了4117例儿童癌症生存者接受心理健康咨询的频率,包括就诊家庭医生或精神科医生的门诊次数,急诊科就诊次数或住院;出现严重心理事件的定义为急诊科就诊,住院或自杀。研究同时纳入了2万多例健康人群作为对照。结果显示,40%以上的儿童癌症幸存者接受过至少一次心理健康咨询,90%的心理咨询是由家庭医生和精神科医生提供的。研究的中位随访时间为7.5年,在调整了其他潜在的影响因素后发现,癌症幸存者相比于正常人群,接受心理健康咨询的可能性增加34%(OR=1.34;95%CI:1.12-1.52)。此外,相比于正常人群,癌症幸存者出现任意严重心理事件的几率增加13%(P=0.045),单独分析单个的严重心理事件,如急诊科就诊次数,住院或自杀,风险增加没有统计差异。癌症幸存者通常的诊断为精神障碍,相比正常人诊断为精神障碍的风险增加78%。 

研究者进一步分析了癌症幸存者的临床特征与出现心理健康问题的关系。结果显示,女性,癌症诊断时年龄>=15岁的癌症幸存者,接受心理健康咨询的频率显著更高。而接受过头颅照射以及诊断时经济条件最好的癌症幸存者,出现严重心理事件的几率最低。此外,癌症诊断时年龄为0-4岁的癌症幸存者,有更大的风险出现严重心理事件。 

研究的主要作者Dr. Nathan介绍道,研究发现“癌症诊断时年龄为0-4岁的癌症幸存者,有更大的风险出现严重心理事件”,这一结果是第一次被报道,也引发了大家的关注。目前对于这一年龄阶段的癌症幸存者为什么更容易出现严重心理事件,原因未明(因为诊断时年龄仅为0-4岁,大部分癌症幸存者甚至都没有罹患过癌症的记忆),这也是后续研究需要关注的方向。此外,我们的研究中并没有发现特定的治疗(或整体的治疗强度)是癌症幸存者出现心理健康问题的危险因素。相反,患癌的经历使得一些癌症幸存者在后续的生活中出现这些心理挑战。

这一研究提示,所有参与照护这些癌症幸存者的医疗相关工作人员,如肿瘤医生,家庭医生等,需要了解到他们可能面临的风险,在每次门诊随访时注意筛查患者是否面临心理健康问题,并在适当的时候为他们及其家人及时的联系心理健康咨询。值得注意的是,目前在很多地区,要获得心理健康咨询并不容易,因此政府层面也应该关注这一问题,并提供相关资源,无论是患者处于癌症治疗期间抑或在后续的长期随访中。

来自英国利兹大学利兹儿童医院的Amanda J. Friend博士阅读了这一研究,并发表评论:“这一研究结果证实了既往的猜测,即儿童癌症幸存者更易出现心理健康问题,尤其是女性及诊断时为青少年是重要的危险因素。然而,那些因为为准备造血干细胞移植而接受高剂量治疗的患者以及接受过头颅照射的患者,相比于其他没有接受这些治疗的癌症幸存者,出现心理健康问题的风险并没有差别,这一点非常有趣,也令人惊讶。这一研究进一步强调了儿童癌症幸存者后续有较高的出现精神合并症的风险。因此,这些癌症幸存者在后续随访过程中,临床医生应该常规筛查他们是否出现了精神健康问题,一旦发现,及时治疗。

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    2018-03-11 changjiu

    学习一下谢谢

    0

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    2018-03-10 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习

    0

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