Neuropsychopharmacology:江西省精神卫生中心杨远坚团队发现长寿因子Klotho或具有抗抑郁潜能

2022-04-26 周科 “神经周K”公众号

Klotho蛋白是内分泌成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)受体复合物主要部分,高度表达在大脑脉络从、神经元和肾脏等组织中。通过抑制经典衰老信号通路胰岛素/IGF-1,从而抑制衰老进程,延长寿命。

Klotho蛋白是内分泌成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)受体复合物主要部分,高度表达在大脑脉络从、神经元和肾脏等组织中。通过抑制经典衰老信号通路胰岛素/IGF-1,从而抑制衰老进程,延长寿命。

5周龄Klotho敲除小鼠海马脑区氧化应激水平增加,引起认知功能障碍,肌肉和脂肪组织丢失,发育不良等早衰。已有研究表明Klotho蛋白具有抗衰老的作用,高表达小鼠Klotho蛋白后激活 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸 (NMDA) 受体GluN2B 亚基可以延长寿命、减缓与年龄相关的认知功能障碍。

与经历低度压力相比,经历高强度慢性压力刺激后女性血清Klotho蛋白水平降低,这表明该蛋白表达的水平可能与压力有关。

2022年4月21日江西省精神卫生中心、南昌市生物精神病学重点实验室杨远坚研究团队在Nature子刊Neuropsychopharmacology杂志上发表文章揭示了抗衰老蛋白Klotho在慢性应激后大脑中表达降低,参与调控抑郁样行为障碍。

图1:慢性应激引起Klotho蛋白表达降低

研究人员通过慢性应激引起小鼠抑郁样行为障碍,与此同时,海马和伏隔核(NAc)脑区Klotho蛋白明显降低,其中NAc脑区下降更为明显。

通过病毒载体工具特异性增加NAc脑区Klotho蛋白表达后,能够明显改善慢性应激引起的社交障碍,快感缺失等抑郁样行为。而病毒降低NAc脑区Klotho蛋白后能够引起正常小鼠出现抑郁样行为。

研究人员发现慢性应激并没有引起NMDA受体GluN1 和GluN2A 亚基水平没有变化,但GluN2B亚基蛋白水平明显降低,突触后蛋白PSD95水平也降低

有意思的是,病毒降低Klotho蛋白后也能够降低GluN2B亚基和PSD95水平,而过表达Klotho蛋白则能够增加GluN2B亚基和PSD95水平,这就表明Klotho可能通过NMDA受体介导的突触功能调控抑郁样行为。

在形态学上,慢性应激引起小鼠NAc脑区树突棘密度增加,过表达Klotho蛋白能够逆转这种结构障碍。在功能上,慢性应激引起NAc脑区NMDA受体介导的长时程抑制作用障碍,过表达Klotho蛋白能够逆转这种功能障碍。这些结果表明Klotho蛋白通过调控突触可塑性介导抑郁样行为。

NAc脑区注射低剂量NMDAR阻断剂(与GluN2B亚基的亲和力是其他亚基的3000倍以上)并不影响小鼠的运动能力,但能够阻断过表达Klotho蛋白发挥的抗抑郁效应。

低水平的Klotho蛋白可能对机体不利:多种肿瘤组织中Klotho蛋白水平降低;高血压患者血清中Klotho蛋白水平也降低。本文中抑郁症动物模型大脑中Klotho蛋白也降低,升高其水平后能够发挥抗抑郁效应。

总的来说,本文发现伏隔核区域Klotho蛋白通过调节NMDAR亚基GluN2B的功能介导应激引起的抑郁样行为。

原始出处:

Han-jun Wu, Wen-ning Wu, Yuan-jian Yang, et al. Life extension factor klotho regulates behavioral responses to stress via modulation of GluN2B function in the nucleus accumbens. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2022.

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    2022-10-13 yb6560
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    2023-01-23 bioon3
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