Alzheimer's & Dementia:阿尔兹海默症风险基因APOE ε4对各个族裔的老年人影响不同

2020-09-23 haibei MedSci原创

尽管与非西班牙裔白人相比,非西班牙裔黑人的APOE ε4等位基因频率更高,但大多数研究显示,非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔人的APOE ε4与AD的关系较弱。

载脂蛋白E(APOE)ε4是晚期阿尔茨海默病(AD)最有力的遗传风险因素。与没有ε4等位基因的人相比,有1个ε4等位基因的人患AD的风险增加了2-3倍,有2个ε4等位基因的人患AD的风险增加了约12倍。

与非西班牙裔白人相比,非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔老年人承担着不成比例的AD和认知障碍的负担,但APOE ε4与AD风险之间的关系在不同种族/族裔群体中是不同的。尽管与非西班牙裔白人相比,非西班牙裔黑人的APOE ε4等位基因频率更高,但大多数研究显示,非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔人的APOE ε4与AD的关系较弱。

静息状态的功能连接(rsFC),特别是在默认模式网络(DMN),容易在AD病理的最早阶段被影响,这出现在症状发作之前的几年,表明rsFC作为突触和神经元功能障碍的AD早期标记物的潜力。

已有的几项研究还报道,APOE ε4等位基因与认知正常的老年人中DMN连接性和功能下降有关,甚至在没有淀粉样蛋白聚积和萎缩的情况下也是如此。然而,以前调查APOE ε4和rsFC之间关系的研究包括的主要是欧洲血统的白人成年人,其在其他族裔中的状态还不完全清楚。

最近,研究人员在Alzheimer's & Dementia杂志发文,其调查了DMN子系统内的rsFC,研究包含了170名APOE ε4携带者与387名APOE ε4非携带者,横跨三个美国的主要种族/族裔群体,包括来自华盛顿高地-英伍德哥伦比亚老龄化项目的非西班牙裔白人(n = 166)、非西班牙裔黑人(n = 185)和西班牙裔(n = 206)。

结果显示,与APOE ε4非携带者相比,APOE ε4携带者在颞部DMN中具有较低的rsFC,但这仅限于非西班牙裔白人中。与非西班牙裔白人APOE ε4非携带者相比,非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔APOE ε4携带者的rsFC略高或相似。

这些研究结果表明,与非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔相比,APOE ε4对非西班牙裔白人的DMN rsFC的调节方式不同。

 

原始出处:

Indira C. Turney et al. APOE ε4 and resting‐state functional connectivity in racially/ethnically diverse older adults. Alzheimer's & Dementia (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12094

 

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