JCO:高血压可增加儿童癌症幸存者主要心血管事件风险

2013-09-12 ecoliDH5 DXY

研究要点: 1.本研究发现可控心血管风险因素,尤其是高血压增强了与治疗相关的主要心血管事件风险;高血压为心血管死亡风险的独立相关因素。 2.胸部放疗及高血压的联合效应可增强各主要心血管事件的风险。 在2013年9月3日在线出版的《临床肿瘤学杂志》(Journal of ClinicalOncology)上,发表了美国圣裘德儿童研究医院Gregory T.Armstrong博士等人的一项研究结

研究要点:

1.本研究发现可控心血管风险因素,尤其是高血压增强了与治疗相关的主要心血管事件风险;高血压为心血管死亡风险的独立相关因素。

2.胸部放疗及高血压的联合效应可增强各主要心血管事件的风险。

在2013年9月3日在线出版的《临床肿瘤学杂志》(Journal of ClinicalOncology)上,发表了美国圣裘德儿童研究医院Gregory T.Armstrong博士等人的一项研究结果,该研究针对幼年时曾罹患癌症的老龄化成年幸存者,旨在评价可控心血管风险因素对患者主要心血管事件发展的相对促进程度。【原文下载

研究人员对儿童癌症幸存者研究项目中的10,724例5年幸存者(中位年龄,33.7岁)及3,159名健康同胞的高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖情况进行了确定,同时对研究对象的主要心血管事件,如冠状动脉疾病、心力衰竭、心瓣膜疾病及心律不齐进行了确定。根据纵向随访结果,利用多变量泊松回归模型,对与心血管风险因素及心脏毒性治疗相关后续心血管事件的率比值(RR)进行了评价。

研究人员发现,癌症幸存者在45岁时的冠状动脉疾病、心力衰竭、心瓣膜疾病及心律不齐累积发病率分别为5.3%、4.8%、1.5%及1.3%。分别有10.3%的癌症幸存者及7.9%的幸存者同胞被报告存在两项或更多的心血管风险因素。各心血管事件风险随心血管风险因素数目的增加而增加(所有Ptrend <.001)。高血压可显著增加冠状动脉疾病(RR, 6.1)、心力衰竭(RR, 19.4)、心瓣膜疾病(RR,13.6)及心律不齐风险(RR, 6.0; 所有P值< .01)。胸部放疗及高血压的联合效应可增强各主要心血管事件的风险,其增强结果超出了根据递增基础得到的预期结果。高血压为心血管死亡风险的独立相关因素(RR, 5.6;95% CI, 3.2至9.7)。

该研究作者认为,对于该类人群,可控心血管风险因素,尤其是高血压增强了与治疗相关的主要心血管事件风险,因此作者建议,未来的介入性研究应对此予以关注。

研究背景:

尽管在儿童恶性肿瘤确诊患者中,有80%的患儿可取得5年生存,但业已证实,与治疗相关的心血管疾病成为造成其非癌症疾病发病与死亡的重要原因。胸部放疗与心肌梗死、充血性心力衰竭、心脏瓣膜疾病及心律不齐风险增加有关。蒽环霉素化疗可增加患者心力衰竭风险。尽管相关临床试验曾试图限制治疗曝露,但对于许多儿童恶性肿瘤患者而言,此类心脏毒性治疗仍是根治性治疗方案的重要组成部分。

一般人群中高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、血脂异常及吸烟为冠状动脉疾病及心力衰竭形成的主要促进因素。尽管某些癌症治疗方法可增加高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常及肥胖的风险,但仍有许多长期幸存者可出现传统的,与老龄化、遗传倾向或非健康的生活习惯方式相关的可控风险因素。

为降低此类高风险人群心血管疾病的严重程度,有必要就可控心血管风险因素对与癌症治疗相关心血管风险的强化程度进行确定。因此,本研究通过儿童癌症幸存者研究(CCSS)队列,对主要心血管事件纵向形成过程中,癌症治疗与选定的后续心血管风险因素的相对促进作用进行了评价。

原文下载

Armstrong GT, Oeffinger KC, Chen Y, Kawashima T, Yasui Y, Leisenring W, Stovall M, Chow EJ, Sklar CA, Mulrooney DA, Mertens AC, Border W, Durand JB, Robison LL, Meacham LR.Modifiable Risk Factors and Major Cardiac Events Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer.J Clin Oncol. 2013 Sep 3.

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    2013-11-22 lidong40
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