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Journal of Neuroinflammation：酒精或可增加阿尔兹海默症风险

2018-06-10 Flora 生物探索

小胶质细胞阿尔兹海默症酒精
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这一研究发表在《Journal of Neuroinflammation》期刊，科学家们发现，酒精会影响小鼠大脑中小胶质细胞的基因，从而干扰其吞噬、清理淀粉样蛋白（阿尔兹海默症典型的致病蛋白，会在大脑中过度累积形成老年斑，最终损伤神经元）的过程。


这一研究发表在《Journal of Neuroinflammation》期刊，科学家们发现，酒精会影响小鼠大脑中小胶质细胞的基因，从而干扰其吞噬、清理淀粉样蛋白（阿尔兹海默症典型的致病蛋白，会在大脑中过度累积形成老年斑，最终损伤神经元）的过程。

这一研究明确了“过度饮酒可能会加剧老年痴呆”背后的机制——酒精影响大脑中的免疫系统和炎症反应，进而推进阿尔兹海默症发展。

小胶质细胞是大脑中的吞噬细胞，负责清除受损的神经细胞、毒性蛋白等有害物质，被誉为大脑中的“清道夫”。麻醉学教授Douglas Feinstein带领团队基于这一类细胞，解析了饮酒与老年痴呆之间的关联。

先前已有研究表明，长期接触酒精，小胶质细胞会表达高水平的炎症标志物。该研究以小鼠为模型，将小胶质细胞暴露于酒精、促炎症细胞因子中24小时，并观察不同环境下细胞基因表达的变化。他们还分析了酒精对小胶质细胞吞噬淀粉样蛋白的能力的影响。

结果发现，酒精会改变312个基因的表达水平，促炎症因子会改变3082个基因的表达水平，而“酒精+促炎症因子”会改变3552个基因。只有少数基因同时参与细胞吞噬和炎症活动。

“在这些基因中，很多基因参与细胞吞噬。这些结果表明，酒精能够阻碍小胶质细胞清理淀粉样蛋白的能力，从而促进老年痴呆症的发展。” Douglas Feinstein教授解释道。

研究还证实，当暴露在剂量等同于酗酒的酒精浓度下1小时后，小胶质细胞吞噬功能被显著抑制15%。“尽管我们没有验证长时间饮酒后吞噬作用是否会进一步受损，但现有的成果表明，这些小胶质细胞的变化可能是导致老年痴呆症的一个因素。”研究人员表示道。

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    2019-01-19 lxg951

    #LAM#

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    2018-06-12 habb

    #阿尔兹海默#

    0

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    2018-06-12 xiaoyeshuang

    #NFL#

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    2018-06-12 ms6980045490879608

    #inflammation#

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