BMJ:老年痴呆患者抑郁症怎么办?宠物陪伴或其他非药物干预治疗值得考虑

2021-03-25 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

非药物干预无论是单独还是与药物干预相结合,都是减轻未诊断为严重抑郁症的痴呆患者抑郁症状的最佳干预措施。

全世界有5000万人被诊断患有痴呆症。大约16%的痴呆症患者也被诊断为重度抑郁障碍,但32%的痴呆症患者在没有正式诊断为重度抑郁障碍的情况下会出现抑郁症状(作为痴呆症神经精神症状的一部分)。在痴呆症患者中,抑郁症状在临床上表现为身体(如食欲差、精力不足)和行为(如易怒、社交孤立、悲伤)症状。

尽管患有痴呆症和抑郁症状的人可能不符合重度抑郁症的所有诊断标准,但这些症状仍然对痴呆症患者及其护理者产生着影响。痴呆患者的抑郁症状与不良健康结果相关,包括生活质量降低、功能衰退和死亡风险增加,还与其护理者的痛苦、负担和抑郁增加相关。

药物(如抗抑郁药、抗精神病药)和非药物(如回忆疗法、运动)干预用于治疗痴呆患者的抑郁症状。越来越多的证据表明,老年痴呆症患者使用抗抑郁药会带来危害(如跌倒和骨折),越来越多的人开始关注社会处方,将患者与社区中的非药物干预措施联系起来,作为对抗抑郁、孤独和孤独症状的有效治疗方法。

Pixabay.com

然而,直接比较药物和非药物干预的疗效的随机试验很少,这给临床决策带来了不确定性,即选择最优的基于证据的干预措施来治疗痴呆症患者的抑郁症症状。基于此,有研究者探索了药物和非药物干预治疗对减轻痴呆症患者神经精神症状或抑郁症状的疗效比较。该研究结果近日发表在BMJ期刊上。

本研究属于系统回顾和meta分析,数据来源于从成立到2020年10月15日Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO和grey literature的数据。研究的入选标准为比较药物或非药物干预与常规护理或针对痴呆患者抑郁症状的任何其他干预的随机对照试验。

在筛选出的22138篇引文中,包括256项研究(28483名痴呆症患者)。数据缺失是审查结果的最大风险。研究结果显示,与常规护理相比,有7种干预措施与明显减轻痴呆患者抑郁症状相关,包括:认知刺激,认知刺激联合胆碱酯酶抑制剂,按摩和触摸疗法,多学科护理、作业治疗、运动结合社交和认知刺激和回忆治疗。除按摩和触摸疗法、认知刺激联合胆碱酯酶抑制剂、认知刺激联合运动和社会交往比某些药物干预更有效外,药物干预和非药物干预的疗效比较无统计学差异,都能减轻未诊断为重度抑郁障碍的痴呆患者的抑郁症状。

对痴呆患者的高效非药物干预的描述

旨在减少痴呆患者抑郁症状的干预网络的网络图(非重度抑郁患者)

本研究中的系统回顾和网络荟萃分析显示,非药物干预对于减轻痴呆患者的抑郁症状(未诊断为重度抑郁症患者)与药物干预同样有效,甚至更有效。10种干预措施比常规护理更有效:动物陪伴治疗、认知刺激、运动、按摩和触摸治疗、回忆治疗、多学科护理、作业治疗、认知刺激和胆碱酯酶抑制剂,锻炼结合社会交往和认知刺激,心理治疗结合回忆疗法和环境改造。没有发现单独的药物干预比常规治疗更有效。

干预排名表明,非药物干预无论是单独还是与药物干预相结合,都是减轻未诊断为严重抑郁症的痴呆患者抑郁症状的最佳干预措施。本研究结果进一步表明,痴呆症患者很有可能从非药物干预中获得有临床意义的益处。

参考文献:Comparative efficacy of interventions for reducing symptoms of depression in people with dementia: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ 2021; 372 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n532 (Published 24 March 2021)Cite this as: BMJ 2021;372:n532

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    2021-07-14 gaoxiaoe
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    2021-03-27 ms7000001206968334

    👍

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1640769, encodeId=2acc1640e699d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=73b88e73171' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物干预#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87731, encryptionId=73b88e73171, topicName=药物干预)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=de0e22719928, createdName=ms6980045490879608, createdTime=Mon Jun 28 17:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2009101, encodeId=06f9200910129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ed8e121172' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71211, encryptionId=3ed8e121172, topicName=痴呆患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e4aa106, createdName=crystal0562, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 13:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1849213, encodeId=6bae18492132b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 14 07:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951505, encodeId=e1d795150540, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210327/8830c2f4718e489c951eea9d582e4ae5/317bcaa8ac8441d8be9881efbfa2acc5.jpg, createdBy=12cd5469463, createdName=ms7000001206968334, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 00:57:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951227, encodeId=7fc195122e47, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2c895190532, createdName=14716fd8m27暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 17:33:24 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048749, encodeId=9f311048e492f, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 17:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951060, encodeId=e8cd951060f9, content=好文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 15:26:05 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-25 14716fd8m27暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1640769, encodeId=2acc1640e699d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=73b88e73171' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物干预#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87731, encryptionId=73b88e73171, topicName=药物干预)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=de0e22719928, createdName=ms6980045490879608, createdTime=Mon Jun 28 17:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2009101, encodeId=06f9200910129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ed8e121172' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71211, encryptionId=3ed8e121172, topicName=痴呆患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e4aa106, createdName=crystal0562, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 13:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1849213, encodeId=6bae18492132b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 14 07:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951505, encodeId=e1d795150540, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210327/8830c2f4718e489c951eea9d582e4ae5/317bcaa8ac8441d8be9881efbfa2acc5.jpg, createdBy=12cd5469463, createdName=ms7000001206968334, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 00:57:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951227, encodeId=7fc195122e47, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2c895190532, createdName=14716fd8m27暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 17:33:24 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048749, encodeId=9f311048e492f, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 17:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951060, encodeId=e8cd951060f9, content=好文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 15:26:05 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-25 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1640769, encodeId=2acc1640e699d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=73b88e73171' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物干预#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87731, encryptionId=73b88e73171, topicName=药物干预)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=de0e22719928, createdName=ms6980045490879608, createdTime=Mon Jun 28 17:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2009101, encodeId=06f9200910129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ed8e121172' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71211, encryptionId=3ed8e121172, topicName=痴呆患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e4aa106, createdName=crystal0562, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 13:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1849213, encodeId=6bae18492132b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 14 07:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951505, encodeId=e1d795150540, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210327/8830c2f4718e489c951eea9d582e4ae5/317bcaa8ac8441d8be9881efbfa2acc5.jpg, createdBy=12cd5469463, createdName=ms7000001206968334, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 00:57:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951227, encodeId=7fc195122e47, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2c895190532, createdName=14716fd8m27暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 17:33:24 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048749, encodeId=9f311048e492f, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 17:05:47 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951060, encodeId=e8cd951060f9, content=好文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 15:26:05 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-25 jyzxjiangqin

    好文章!

    0

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