Neurology:巨大蛛网膜颗粒是高颅压的因还是果?

2019-01-14 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

16岁,男孩。反复一过性视力丧失,双侧视乳头水肿。MRI 显示双侧横窦巨大蛛网膜颗粒(giant arachnoid granulations,GAG),高颅压征象(下图)。CSF 压力420 mmH2O。腰穿大量放脑脊液后(After depletive lumbar puncture),GAG 缩小,静脉窦官腔狭窄缓解(下图)。轴位 T2加权相显示视神经迂曲(箭头,A 图)。轴位(B 图)和额

16岁,男孩。

反复一过性视力丧失,双侧视乳头水肿。

MRI 显示双侧横窦巨大蛛网膜颗粒(giant arachnoid granulations,GAG),高颅压征象(下图)。

CSF 压力420 mmH2O。

腰穿大量放脑脊液后(After depletive lumbar puncture),GAG 缩小,静脉窦官腔狭窄缓解(下图)。

轴位 T2加权相显示视神经迂曲(箭头,A 图)。轴位(B 图)和额部(C 图)增强 T1加权相和 MRV(D 图) 显示巨大蛛网膜颗粒(星星)和静脉窦官腔狭窄(箭头,B 图):



腰穿5天后视神经迂曲(箭头,E 图)、巨大蛛网膜颗粒(箭头,图 F-H)和静脉窦管腔狭窄(箭头,F 图)皆消失:



蛛网膜颗粒是通过硬脑膜缺损进入窦的 CSF 疝。CSF 被放出后,会引起 GAG 复原,GAG 可能是高颅压的结果而不是病因。这个病历支持 Krisch 理论,该理论把蛛网膜颗粒看着是 CSF 的缓冲空间,而不是 CSF 吸收的部位。

译者注:一个简单病历也许就能够改变临床实践。个人认为,碰到类似的患者是不是大量放脑脊液就可以长期缓解高颅压?可惜该病历未报告随访的颅内压(视神经迂曲缓解了,是不是可以说颅内压正常了呢?),也没有探讨高颅压的病因。另外,不是所有高颅压+窦狭窄都需要介入治疗,即使狭窄近端和远端存在明显的压力差。

原始出处:
Guillaume Taieb, Cyril Dargazanli, Pauline Prin, et al. Reversible giant arachnoid granulations. Neurology. December 10, 2018

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